1 // SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-only
2 /*
3 * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Artem Bityutskiy
4 * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Jarkko Lavinen
5 * Copyright (C) 2006-2008 Adrian Hunter
6 *
7 * Authors: Artem Bityutskiy, Jarkko Lavinen, Adria Hunter
8 *
9 * WARNING: this test program may kill your flash and your device. Do not
10 * use it unless you know what you do. Authors are not responsible for any
11 * damage caused by this program.
12 */
13
14 #define pr_fmt(fmt) KBUILD_MODNAME ": " fmt
15
16 #include <linux/init.h>
17 #include <linux/ktime.h>
18 #include <linux/module.h>
19 #include <linux/moduleparam.h>
20 #include <linux/err.h>
21 #include <linux/mtd/mtd.h>
22 #include <linux/slab.h>
23 #include <linux/sched.h>
24 #include "mtd_test.h"
25
26 #define RETRIES 3
27
28 static int eb = 8;
29 module_param(eb, int, S_IRUGO);
30 MODULE_PARM_DESC(eb, "eraseblock number within the selected MTD device");
31
32 static int ebcnt = 32;
33 module_param(ebcnt, int, S_IRUGO);
34 MODULE_PARM_DESC(ebcnt, "number of consecutive eraseblocks to torture");
35
36 static int pgcnt;
37 module_param(pgcnt, int, S_IRUGO);
38 MODULE_PARM_DESC(pgcnt, "number of pages per eraseblock to torture (0 => all)");
39
40 static int dev = -EINVAL;
41 module_param(dev, int, S_IRUGO);
42 MODULE_PARM_DESC(dev, "MTD device number to use");
43
44 static int gran = 512;
45 module_param(gran, int, S_IRUGO);
46 MODULE_PARM_DESC(gran, "how often the status information should be printed");
47
48 static int check = 1;
49 module_param(check, int, S_IRUGO);
50 MODULE_PARM_DESC(check, "if the written data should be checked");
51
52 static unsigned int cycles_count;
53 module_param(cycles_count, uint, S_IRUGO);
54 MODULE_PARM_DESC(cycles_count, "how many erase cycles to do "
55 "(infinite by default)");
56
57 static struct mtd_info *mtd;
58
59 /* This buffer contains 0x555555...0xAAAAAA... pattern */
60 static unsigned char *patt_5A5;
61 /* This buffer contains 0xAAAAAA...0x555555... pattern */
62 static unsigned char *patt_A5A;
63 /* This buffer contains all 0xFF bytes */
64 static unsigned char *patt_FF;
65 /* This a temporary buffer is use when checking data */
66 static unsigned char *check_buf;
67 /* How many erase cycles were done */
68 static unsigned int erase_cycles;
69
70 static int pgsize;
71 static ktime_t start, finish;
72
73 static void report_corrupt(unsigned char *read, unsigned char *written);
74
start_timing(void)75 static inline void start_timing(void)
76 {
77 start = ktime_get();
78 }
79
stop_timing(void)80 static inline void stop_timing(void)
81 {
82 finish = ktime_get();
83 }
84
85 /*
86 * Check that the contents of eraseblock number @enbum is equivalent to the
87 * @buf buffer.
88 */
check_eraseblock(int ebnum,unsigned char * buf)89 static inline int check_eraseblock(int ebnum, unsigned char *buf)
90 {
91 int err, retries = 0;
92 size_t read;
93 loff_t addr = (loff_t)ebnum * mtd->erasesize;
94 size_t len = mtd->erasesize;
95
96 if (pgcnt) {
97 addr = (loff_t)(ebnum + 1) * mtd->erasesize - pgcnt * pgsize;
98 len = pgcnt * pgsize;
99 }
100
101 retry:
102 err = mtd_read(mtd, addr, len, &read, check_buf);
103 if (mtd_is_bitflip(err))
104 pr_err("single bit flip occurred at EB %d "
105 "MTD reported that it was fixed.\n", ebnum);
106 else if (err) {
107 pr_err("error %d while reading EB %d, "
108 "read %zd\n", err, ebnum, read);
109 return err;
110 }
111
112 if (read != len) {
113 pr_err("failed to read %zd bytes from EB %d, "
114 "read only %zd, but no error reported\n",
115 len, ebnum, read);
116 return -EIO;
117 }
118
119 if (memcmp(buf, check_buf, len)) {
120 pr_err("read wrong data from EB %d\n", ebnum);
121 report_corrupt(check_buf, buf);
122
123 if (retries++ < RETRIES) {
124 /* Try read again */
125 yield();
126 pr_info("re-try reading data from EB %d\n",
127 ebnum);
128 goto retry;
129 } else {
130 pr_info("retried %d times, still errors, "
131 "give-up\n", RETRIES);
132 return -EINVAL;
133 }
134 }
135
136 if (retries != 0)
137 pr_info("only attempt number %d was OK (!!!)\n",
138 retries);
139
140 return 0;
141 }
142
write_pattern(int ebnum,void * buf)143 static inline int write_pattern(int ebnum, void *buf)
144 {
145 int err;
146 size_t written;
147 loff_t addr = (loff_t)ebnum * mtd->erasesize;
148 size_t len = mtd->erasesize;
149
150 if (pgcnt) {
151 addr = (loff_t)(ebnum + 1) * mtd->erasesize - pgcnt * pgsize;
152 len = pgcnt * pgsize;
153 }
154 err = mtd_write(mtd, addr, len, &written, buf);
155 if (err) {
156 pr_err("error %d while writing EB %d, written %zd"
157 " bytes\n", err, ebnum, written);
158 return err;
159 }
160 if (written != len) {
161 pr_info("written only %zd bytes of %zd, but no error"
162 " reported\n", written, len);
163 return -EIO;
164 }
165
166 return 0;
167 }
168
tort_init(void)169 static int __init tort_init(void)
170 {
171 int err = 0, i, infinite = !cycles_count;
172 unsigned char *bad_ebs;
173
174 printk(KERN_INFO "\n");
175 printk(KERN_INFO "=================================================\n");
176 pr_info("Warning: this program is trying to wear out your "
177 "flash, stop it if this is not wanted.\n");
178
179 if (dev < 0) {
180 pr_info("Please specify a valid mtd-device via module parameter\n");
181 pr_crit("CAREFUL: This test wipes all data on the specified MTD device!\n");
182 return -EINVAL;
183 }
184
185 pr_info("MTD device: %d\n", dev);
186 pr_info("torture %d eraseblocks (%d-%d) of mtd%d\n",
187 ebcnt, eb, eb + ebcnt - 1, dev);
188 if (pgcnt)
189 pr_info("torturing just %d pages per eraseblock\n",
190 pgcnt);
191 pr_info("write verify %s\n", check ? "enabled" : "disabled");
192
193 mtd = get_mtd_device(NULL, dev);
194 if (IS_ERR(mtd)) {
195 err = PTR_ERR(mtd);
196 pr_err("error: cannot get MTD device\n");
197 return err;
198 }
199
200 if (mtd->writesize == 1) {
201 pr_info("not NAND flash, assume page size is 512 "
202 "bytes.\n");
203 pgsize = 512;
204 } else
205 pgsize = mtd->writesize;
206
207 if (pgcnt && (pgcnt > mtd->erasesize / pgsize || pgcnt < 0)) {
208 pr_err("error: invalid pgcnt value %d\n", pgcnt);
209 goto out_mtd;
210 }
211
212 err = -ENOMEM;
213 patt_5A5 = kmalloc(mtd->erasesize, GFP_KERNEL);
214 if (!patt_5A5)
215 goto out_mtd;
216
217 patt_A5A = kmalloc(mtd->erasesize, GFP_KERNEL);
218 if (!patt_A5A)
219 goto out_patt_5A5;
220
221 patt_FF = kmalloc(mtd->erasesize, GFP_KERNEL);
222 if (!patt_FF)
223 goto out_patt_A5A;
224
225 check_buf = kmalloc(mtd->erasesize, GFP_KERNEL);
226 if (!check_buf)
227 goto out_patt_FF;
228
229 bad_ebs = kzalloc(ebcnt, GFP_KERNEL);
230 if (!bad_ebs)
231 goto out_check_buf;
232
233 err = 0;
234
235 /* Initialize patterns */
236 memset(patt_FF, 0xFF, mtd->erasesize);
237 for (i = 0; i < mtd->erasesize / pgsize; i++) {
238 if (!(i & 1)) {
239 memset(patt_5A5 + i * pgsize, 0x55, pgsize);
240 memset(patt_A5A + i * pgsize, 0xAA, pgsize);
241 } else {
242 memset(patt_5A5 + i * pgsize, 0xAA, pgsize);
243 memset(patt_A5A + i * pgsize, 0x55, pgsize);
244 }
245 }
246
247 err = mtdtest_scan_for_bad_eraseblocks(mtd, bad_ebs, eb, ebcnt);
248 if (err)
249 goto out;
250
251 start_timing();
252 while (1) {
253 int i;
254 void *patt;
255
256 err = mtdtest_erase_good_eraseblocks(mtd, bad_ebs, eb, ebcnt);
257 if (err)
258 goto out;
259
260 /* Check if the eraseblocks contain only 0xFF bytes */
261 if (check) {
262 for (i = eb; i < eb + ebcnt; i++) {
263 if (bad_ebs[i - eb])
264 continue;
265 err = check_eraseblock(i, patt_FF);
266 if (err) {
267 pr_info("verify failed"
268 " for 0xFF... pattern\n");
269 goto out;
270 }
271
272 err = mtdtest_relax();
273 if (err)
274 goto out;
275 }
276 }
277
278 /* Write the pattern */
279 for (i = eb; i < eb + ebcnt; i++) {
280 if (bad_ebs[i - eb])
281 continue;
282 if ((eb + erase_cycles) & 1)
283 patt = patt_5A5;
284 else
285 patt = patt_A5A;
286 err = write_pattern(i, patt);
287 if (err)
288 goto out;
289
290 err = mtdtest_relax();
291 if (err)
292 goto out;
293 }
294
295 /* Verify what we wrote */
296 if (check) {
297 for (i = eb; i < eb + ebcnt; i++) {
298 if (bad_ebs[i - eb])
299 continue;
300 if ((eb + erase_cycles) & 1)
301 patt = patt_5A5;
302 else
303 patt = patt_A5A;
304 err = check_eraseblock(i, patt);
305 if (err) {
306 pr_info("verify failed for %s"
307 " pattern\n",
308 ((eb + erase_cycles) & 1) ?
309 "0x55AA55..." : "0xAA55AA...");
310 goto out;
311 }
312
313 err = mtdtest_relax();
314 if (err)
315 goto out;
316 }
317 }
318
319 erase_cycles += 1;
320
321 if (erase_cycles % gran == 0) {
322 long ms;
323
324 stop_timing();
325 ms = ktime_ms_delta(finish, start);
326 pr_info("%08u erase cycles done, took %lu "
327 "milliseconds (%lu seconds)\n",
328 erase_cycles, ms, ms / 1000);
329 start_timing();
330 }
331
332 if (!infinite && --cycles_count == 0)
333 break;
334 }
335 out:
336
337 pr_info("finished after %u erase cycles\n",
338 erase_cycles);
339 kfree(bad_ebs);
340 out_check_buf:
341 kfree(check_buf);
342 out_patt_FF:
343 kfree(patt_FF);
344 out_patt_A5A:
345 kfree(patt_A5A);
346 out_patt_5A5:
347 kfree(patt_5A5);
348 out_mtd:
349 put_mtd_device(mtd);
350 if (err)
351 pr_info("error %d occurred during torturing\n", err);
352 printk(KERN_INFO "=================================================\n");
353 return err;
354 }
355 module_init(tort_init);
356
tort_exit(void)357 static void __exit tort_exit(void)
358 {
359 return;
360 }
361 module_exit(tort_exit);
362
363 static int countdiffs(unsigned char *buf, unsigned char *check_buf,
364 unsigned offset, unsigned len, unsigned *bytesp,
365 unsigned *bitsp);
366 static void print_bufs(unsigned char *read, unsigned char *written, int start,
367 int len);
368
369 /*
370 * Report the detailed information about how the read EB differs from what was
371 * written.
372 */
report_corrupt(unsigned char * read,unsigned char * written)373 static void report_corrupt(unsigned char *read, unsigned char *written)
374 {
375 int i;
376 int bytes, bits, pages, first;
377 int offset, len;
378 size_t check_len = mtd->erasesize;
379
380 if (pgcnt)
381 check_len = pgcnt * pgsize;
382
383 bytes = bits = pages = 0;
384 for (i = 0; i < check_len; i += pgsize)
385 if (countdiffs(written, read, i, pgsize, &bytes,
386 &bits) >= 0)
387 pages++;
388
389 pr_info("verify fails on %d pages, %d bytes/%d bits\n",
390 pages, bytes, bits);
391 pr_info("The following is a list of all differences between"
392 " what was read from flash and what was expected\n");
393
394 for (i = 0; i < check_len; i += pgsize) {
395 cond_resched();
396 bytes = bits = 0;
397 first = countdiffs(written, read, i, pgsize, &bytes,
398 &bits);
399 if (first < 0)
400 continue;
401
402 printk("-------------------------------------------------------"
403 "----------------------------------\n");
404
405 pr_info("Page %zd has %d bytes/%d bits failing verify,"
406 " starting at offset 0x%x\n",
407 (mtd->erasesize - check_len + i) / pgsize,
408 bytes, bits, first);
409
410 offset = first & ~0x7;
411 len = ((first + bytes) | 0x7) + 1 - offset;
412
413 print_bufs(read, written, offset, len);
414 }
415 }
416
print_bufs(unsigned char * read,unsigned char * written,int start,int len)417 static void print_bufs(unsigned char *read, unsigned char *written, int start,
418 int len)
419 {
420 int i = 0, j1, j2;
421 char *diff;
422
423 printk("Offset Read Written\n");
424 while (i < len) {
425 printk("0x%08x: ", start + i);
426 diff = " ";
427 for (j1 = 0; j1 < 8 && i + j1 < len; j1++) {
428 printk(" %02x", read[start + i + j1]);
429 if (read[start + i + j1] != written[start + i + j1])
430 diff = "***";
431 }
432
433 while (j1 < 8) {
434 printk(" ");
435 j1 += 1;
436 }
437
438 printk(" %s ", diff);
439
440 for (j2 = 0; j2 < 8 && i + j2 < len; j2++)
441 printk(" %02x", written[start + i + j2]);
442 printk("\n");
443 i += 8;
444 }
445 }
446
447 /*
448 * Count the number of differing bytes and bits and return the first differing
449 * offset.
450 */
countdiffs(unsigned char * buf,unsigned char * check_buf,unsigned offset,unsigned len,unsigned * bytesp,unsigned * bitsp)451 static int countdiffs(unsigned char *buf, unsigned char *check_buf,
452 unsigned offset, unsigned len, unsigned *bytesp,
453 unsigned *bitsp)
454 {
455 unsigned i, bit;
456 int first = -1;
457
458 for (i = offset; i < offset + len; i++)
459 if (buf[i] != check_buf[i]) {
460 first = i;
461 break;
462 }
463
464 while (i < offset + len) {
465 if (buf[i] != check_buf[i]) {
466 (*bytesp)++;
467 bit = 1;
468 while (bit < 256) {
469 if ((buf[i] & bit) != (check_buf[i] & bit))
470 (*bitsp)++;
471 bit <<= 1;
472 }
473 }
474 i++;
475 }
476
477 return first;
478 }
479
480 MODULE_DESCRIPTION("Eraseblock torturing module");
481 MODULE_AUTHOR("Artem Bityutskiy, Jarkko Lavinen, Adrian Hunter");
482 MODULE_LICENSE("GPL");
483
