1 /*
2  *  Certificate generation and signing
3  *
4  *  Copyright The Mbed TLS Contributors
5  *  SPDX-License-Identifier: Apache-2.0 OR GPL-2.0-or-later
6  */
7 
8 #include "mbedtls/build_info.h"
9 
10 #include "mbedtls/platform.h"
11 /* md.h is included this early since MD_CAN_XXX macros are defined there. */
12 #include "mbedtls/md.h"
13 
14 #if !defined(MBEDTLS_X509_CRT_WRITE_C) || \
15     !defined(MBEDTLS_X509_CRT_PARSE_C) || !defined(MBEDTLS_FS_IO) || \
16     !defined(MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_C) || !defined(MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_C) || \
17     !defined(MBEDTLS_ERROR_C) || !defined(MBEDTLS_MD_CAN_SHA256) || \
18     !defined(MBEDTLS_PEM_WRITE_C) || !defined(MBEDTLS_MD_C)
main(void)19 int main(void)
20 {
21     mbedtls_printf("MBEDTLS_X509_CRT_WRITE_C and/or MBEDTLS_X509_CRT_PARSE_C and/or "
22                    "MBEDTLS_FS_IO and/or MBEDTLS_MD_CAN_SHA256 and/or "
23                    "MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_C and/or MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_C and/or "
24                    "MBEDTLS_ERROR_C not defined.\n");
25     mbedtls_exit(0);
26 }
27 #else
28 
29 #include "mbedtls/x509_crt.h"
30 #include "mbedtls/x509_csr.h"
31 #include "mbedtls/oid.h"
32 #include "mbedtls/entropy.h"
33 #include "mbedtls/ctr_drbg.h"
34 #include "mbedtls/error.h"
35 #include "test/helpers.h"
36 
37 #include <stdio.h>
38 #include <stdlib.h>
39 #include <string.h>
40 #include <errno.h>
41 
42 #define SET_OID(x, oid) \
43     do { x.len = MBEDTLS_OID_SIZE(oid); x.p = (unsigned char *) oid; } while (0)
44 
45 #if defined(MBEDTLS_X509_CSR_PARSE_C)
46 #define USAGE_CSR                                                           \
47     "    request_file=%%s         default: (empty)\n"                           \
48     "                            If request_file is specified, subject_key,\n"  \
49     "                            subject_pwd and subject_name are ignored!\n"
50 #else
51 #define USAGE_CSR ""
52 #endif /* MBEDTLS_X509_CSR_PARSE_C */
53 
54 #define FORMAT_PEM              0
55 #define FORMAT_DER              1
56 
57 #define DFL_ISSUER_CRT          ""
58 #define DFL_REQUEST_FILE        ""
59 #define DFL_SUBJECT_KEY         "subject.key"
60 #define DFL_ISSUER_KEY          "ca.key"
61 #define DFL_SUBJECT_PWD         ""
62 #define DFL_ISSUER_PWD          ""
63 #define DFL_OUTPUT_FILENAME     "cert.crt"
64 #define DFL_SUBJECT_NAME        "CN=Cert,O=mbed TLS,C=UK"
65 #define DFL_ISSUER_NAME         "CN=CA,O=mbed TLS,C=UK"
66 #define DFL_NOT_BEFORE          "20010101000000"
67 #define DFL_NOT_AFTER           "20301231235959"
68 #define DFL_SERIAL              "1"
69 #define DFL_SERIAL_HEX          "1"
70 #define DFL_EXT_SUBJECTALTNAME  ""
71 #define DFL_SELFSIGN            0
72 #define DFL_IS_CA               0
73 #define DFL_MAX_PATHLEN         -1
74 #define DFL_SIG_ALG             MBEDTLS_MD_SHA256
75 #define DFL_KEY_USAGE           0
76 #define DFL_EXT_KEY_USAGE       NULL
77 #define DFL_NS_CERT_TYPE        0
78 #define DFL_VERSION             3
79 #define DFL_AUTH_IDENT          1
80 #define DFL_SUBJ_IDENT          1
81 #define DFL_CONSTRAINTS         1
82 #define DFL_DIGEST              MBEDTLS_MD_SHA256
83 #define DFL_FORMAT              FORMAT_PEM
84 
85 #define USAGE \
86     "\n usage: cert_write param=<>...\n"                \
87     "\n acceptable parameters:\n"                       \
88     USAGE_CSR                                           \
89     "    subject_key=%%s          default: subject.key\n"   \
90     "    subject_pwd=%%s          default: (empty)\n"       \
91     "    subject_name=%%s         default: CN=Cert,O=mbed TLS,C=UK\n"   \
92     "\n"                                                \
93     "    issuer_crt=%%s           default: (empty)\n"       \
94     "                            If issuer_crt is specified, issuer_name is\n"  \
95     "                            ignored!\n"                \
96     "    issuer_name=%%s          default: CN=CA,O=mbed TLS,C=UK\n"     \
97     "\n"                                                \
98     "    selfsign=%%d             default: 0 (false)\n"     \
99     "                            If selfsign is enabled, issuer_name and\n" \
100     "                            issuer_key are required (issuer_crt and\n" \
101     "                            subject_* are ignored\n"   \
102     "    issuer_key=%%s           default: ca.key\n"        \
103     "    issuer_pwd=%%s           default: (empty)\n"       \
104     "    output_file=%%s          default: cert.crt\n"      \
105     "    serial=%%s               default: 1\n"             \
106     "                            In decimal format; it can be used as\n"     \
107     "                            alternative to serial_hex, but it's\n"      \
108     "                            limited in max length to\n"                 \
109     "                            unsigned long long int\n"                   \
110     "    serial_hex=%%s           default: 1\n"             \
111     "                            In hex format; it can be used as\n"         \
112     "                            alternative to serial\n"                    \
113     "    not_before=%%s           default: 20010101000000\n" \
114     "    not_after=%%s            default: 20301231235959\n" \
115     "    is_ca=%%d                default: 0 (disabled)\n"  \
116     "    max_pathlen=%%d          default: -1 (none)\n"     \
117     "    md=%%s                   default: SHA256\n"        \
118     "                            Supported values (if enabled):\n"      \
119     "                            MD5, RIPEMD160, SHA1,\n" \
120     "                            SHA224, SHA256, SHA384, SHA512\n" \
121     "    version=%%d              default: 3\n"            \
122     "                            Possible values: 1, 2, 3\n" \
123     "    subject_identifier=%%s   default: 1\n"             \
124     "                            Possible values: 0, 1\n"   \
125     "                            (Considered for v3 only)\n" \
126     "    san=%%s                   default: (none)\n"       \
127     "                            Semicolon-separated-list of values:\n" \
128     "                             DNS:value\n"            \
129     "                             URI:value\n"            \
130     "                             RFC822:value\n"         \
131     "                             IP:value (Only IPv4 is supported)\n" \
132     "                             DN:list of comma separated key=value pairs\n" \
133     "    authority_identifier=%%s default: 1\n"             \
134     "                            Possible values: 0, 1\n"   \
135     "                            (Considered for v3 only)\n" \
136     "    basic_constraints=%%d    default: 1\n"             \
137     "                            Possible values: 0, 1\n"   \
138     "                            (Considered for v3 only)\n" \
139     "    key_usage=%%s            default: (empty)\n"       \
140     "                            Comma-separated-list of values:\n"     \
141     "                            digital_signature\n"     \
142     "                            non_repudiation\n"       \
143     "                            key_encipherment\n"      \
144     "                            data_encipherment\n"     \
145     "                            key_agreement\n"         \
146     "                            key_cert_sign\n"  \
147     "                            crl_sign\n"              \
148     "                            (Considered for v3 only)\n" \
149     "    ext_key_usage=%%s        default: (empty)\n"      \
150     "                            Comma-separated-list of values:\n"     \
151     "                            serverAuth\n"             \
152     "                            clientAuth\n"             \
153     "                            codeSigning\n"            \
154     "                            emailProtection\n"        \
155     "                            timeStamping\n"           \
156     "                            OCSPSigning\n"            \
157     "    ns_cert_type=%%s         default: (empty)\n"       \
158     "                            Comma-separated-list of values:\n"     \
159     "                            ssl_client\n"            \
160     "                            ssl_server\n"            \
161     "                            email\n"                 \
162     "                            object_signing\n"        \
163     "                            ssl_ca\n"                \
164     "                            email_ca\n"              \
165     "                            object_signing_ca\n"     \
166     "   format=pem|der           default: pem\n"         \
167     "\n"
168 
169 typedef enum {
170     SERIAL_FRMT_UNSPEC,
171     SERIAL_FRMT_DEC,
172     SERIAL_FRMT_HEX
173 } serial_format_t;
174 
175 /*
176  * global options
177  */
178 struct options {
179     const char *issuer_crt;     /* filename of the issuer certificate   */
180     const char *request_file;   /* filename of the certificate request  */
181     const char *subject_key;    /* filename of the subject key file     */
182     const char *issuer_key;     /* filename of the issuer key file      */
183     const char *subject_pwd;    /* password for the subject key file    */
184     const char *issuer_pwd;     /* password for the issuer key file     */
185     const char *output_file;    /* where to store the constructed CRT   */
186     const char *subject_name;   /* subject name for certificate         */
187     mbedtls_x509_san_list *san_list; /* subjectAltName for certificate  */
188     const char *issuer_name;    /* issuer name for certificate          */
189     const char *not_before;     /* validity period not before           */
190     const char *not_after;      /* validity period not after            */
191     const char *serial;         /* serial number string (decimal)       */
192     const char *serial_hex;     /* serial number string (hex)           */
193     int selfsign;               /* selfsign the certificate             */
194     int is_ca;                  /* is a CA certificate                  */
195     int max_pathlen;            /* maximum CA path length               */
196     int authority_identifier;   /* add authority identifier to CRT      */
197     int subject_identifier;     /* add subject identifier to CRT        */
198     int basic_constraints;      /* add basic constraints ext to CRT     */
199     int version;                /* CRT version                          */
200     mbedtls_md_type_t md;       /* Hash used for signing                */
201     unsigned char key_usage;    /* key usage flags                      */
202     mbedtls_asn1_sequence *ext_key_usage; /* extended key usages        */
203     unsigned char ns_cert_type; /* NS cert type                         */
204     int format;                 /* format                               */
205 } opt;
206 
write_certificate(mbedtls_x509write_cert * crt,const char * output_file,int (* f_rng)(void *,unsigned char *,size_t),void * p_rng)207 int write_certificate(mbedtls_x509write_cert *crt, const char *output_file,
208                       int (*f_rng)(void *, unsigned char *, size_t),
209                       void *p_rng)
210 {
211     int ret;
212     FILE *f;
213     unsigned char output_buf[4096];
214     unsigned char *output_start;
215     size_t len = 0;
216 
217     memset(output_buf, 0, 4096);
218     if (opt.format == FORMAT_DER) {
219         ret = mbedtls_x509write_crt_der(crt, output_buf, 4096,
220                                         f_rng, p_rng);
221         if (ret < 0) {
222             return ret;
223         }
224 
225         len = ret;
226         output_start = output_buf + 4096 - len;
227     } else {
228         ret = mbedtls_x509write_crt_pem(crt, output_buf, 4096,
229                                         f_rng, p_rng);
230         if (ret < 0) {
231             return ret;
232         }
233 
234         len = strlen((char *) output_buf);
235         output_start = output_buf;
236     }
237 
238     if ((f = fopen(output_file, "w")) == NULL) {
239         return -1;
240     }
241 
242     if (fwrite(output_start, 1, len, f) != len) {
243         fclose(f);
244         return -1;
245     }
246 
247     fclose(f);
248 
249     return 0;
250 }
251 
parse_serial_decimal_format(unsigned char * obuf,size_t obufmax,const char * ibuf,size_t * len)252 int parse_serial_decimal_format(unsigned char *obuf, size_t obufmax,
253                                 const char *ibuf, size_t *len)
254 {
255     unsigned long long int dec;
256     unsigned int remaining_bytes = sizeof(dec);
257     unsigned char *p = obuf;
258     unsigned char val;
259     char *end_ptr = NULL;
260 
261     errno = 0;
262     dec = strtoull(ibuf, &end_ptr, 10);
263 
264     if ((errno != 0) || (end_ptr == ibuf)) {
265         return -1;
266     }
267 
268     *len = 0;
269 
270     while (remaining_bytes > 0) {
271         if (obufmax < (*len + 1)) {
272             return -1;
273         }
274 
275         val = (dec >> ((remaining_bytes - 1) * 8)) & 0xFF;
276 
277         /* Skip leading zeros */
278         if ((val != 0) || (*len != 0)) {
279             *p = val;
280             (*len)++;
281             p++;
282         }
283 
284         remaining_bytes--;
285     }
286 
287     return 0;
288 }
289 
main(int argc,char * argv[])290 int main(int argc, char *argv[])
291 {
292     int ret = 1;
293     int exit_code = MBEDTLS_EXIT_FAILURE;
294     mbedtls_x509_crt issuer_crt;
295     mbedtls_pk_context loaded_issuer_key, loaded_subject_key;
296     mbedtls_pk_context *issuer_key = &loaded_issuer_key,
297                        *subject_key = &loaded_subject_key;
298     char buf[1024];
299     char issuer_name[256];
300     int i;
301     char *p, *q, *r;
302 #if defined(MBEDTLS_X509_CSR_PARSE_C)
303     char subject_name[256];
304     mbedtls_x509_csr csr;
305 #endif
306     mbedtls_x509write_cert crt;
307     serial_format_t serial_frmt = SERIAL_FRMT_UNSPEC;
308     unsigned char serial[MBEDTLS_X509_RFC5280_MAX_SERIAL_LEN];
309     size_t serial_len;
310     mbedtls_asn1_sequence *ext_key_usage;
311     mbedtls_entropy_context entropy;
312     mbedtls_ctr_drbg_context ctr_drbg;
313     const char *pers = "crt example app";
314     mbedtls_x509_san_list *cur, *prev;
315     mbedtls_asn1_named_data *ext_san_dirname = NULL;
316     uint8_t ip[4] = { 0 };
317     /*
318      * Set to sane values
319      */
320     mbedtls_x509write_crt_init(&crt);
321     mbedtls_pk_init(&loaded_issuer_key);
322     mbedtls_pk_init(&loaded_subject_key);
323     mbedtls_ctr_drbg_init(&ctr_drbg);
324     mbedtls_entropy_init(&entropy);
325 #if defined(MBEDTLS_X509_CSR_PARSE_C)
326     mbedtls_x509_csr_init(&csr);
327 #endif
328     mbedtls_x509_crt_init(&issuer_crt);
329     memset(buf, 0, sizeof(buf));
330     memset(serial, 0, sizeof(serial));
331 
332 #if defined(MBEDTLS_USE_PSA_CRYPTO)
333     psa_status_t status = psa_crypto_init();
334     if (status != PSA_SUCCESS) {
335         mbedtls_fprintf(stderr, "Failed to initialize PSA Crypto implementation: %d\n",
336                         (int) status);
337         goto exit;
338     }
339 #endif /* MBEDTLS_USE_PSA_CRYPTO */
340 
341     if (argc < 2) {
342 usage:
343         mbedtls_printf(USAGE);
344         goto exit;
345     }
346 
347     opt.issuer_crt          = DFL_ISSUER_CRT;
348     opt.request_file        = DFL_REQUEST_FILE;
349     opt.subject_key         = DFL_SUBJECT_KEY;
350     opt.issuer_key          = DFL_ISSUER_KEY;
351     opt.subject_pwd         = DFL_SUBJECT_PWD;
352     opt.issuer_pwd          = DFL_ISSUER_PWD;
353     opt.output_file         = DFL_OUTPUT_FILENAME;
354     opt.subject_name        = DFL_SUBJECT_NAME;
355     opt.issuer_name         = DFL_ISSUER_NAME;
356     opt.not_before          = DFL_NOT_BEFORE;
357     opt.not_after           = DFL_NOT_AFTER;
358     opt.serial              = DFL_SERIAL;
359     opt.serial_hex          = DFL_SERIAL_HEX;
360     opt.selfsign            = DFL_SELFSIGN;
361     opt.is_ca               = DFL_IS_CA;
362     opt.max_pathlen         = DFL_MAX_PATHLEN;
363     opt.key_usage           = DFL_KEY_USAGE;
364     opt.ext_key_usage       = DFL_EXT_KEY_USAGE;
365     opt.ns_cert_type        = DFL_NS_CERT_TYPE;
366     opt.version             = DFL_VERSION - 1;
367     opt.md                  = DFL_DIGEST;
368     opt.subject_identifier   = DFL_SUBJ_IDENT;
369     opt.authority_identifier = DFL_AUTH_IDENT;
370     opt.basic_constraints    = DFL_CONSTRAINTS;
371     opt.format              = DFL_FORMAT;
372     opt.san_list            = NULL;
373 
374     for (i = 1; i < argc; i++) {
375 
376         p = argv[i];
377         if ((q = strchr(p, '=')) == NULL) {
378             goto usage;
379         }
380         *q++ = '\0';
381 
382         if (strcmp(p, "request_file") == 0) {
383             opt.request_file = q;
384         } else if (strcmp(p, "subject_key") == 0) {
385             opt.subject_key = q;
386         } else if (strcmp(p, "issuer_key") == 0) {
387             opt.issuer_key = q;
388         } else if (strcmp(p, "subject_pwd") == 0) {
389             opt.subject_pwd = q;
390         } else if (strcmp(p, "issuer_pwd") == 0) {
391             opt.issuer_pwd = q;
392         } else if (strcmp(p, "issuer_crt") == 0) {
393             opt.issuer_crt = q;
394         } else if (strcmp(p, "output_file") == 0) {
395             opt.output_file = q;
396         } else if (strcmp(p, "subject_name") == 0) {
397             opt.subject_name = q;
398         } else if (strcmp(p, "issuer_name") == 0) {
399             opt.issuer_name = q;
400         } else if (strcmp(p, "not_before") == 0) {
401             opt.not_before = q;
402         } else if (strcmp(p, "not_after") == 0) {
403             opt.not_after = q;
404         } else if (strcmp(p, "serial") == 0) {
405             if (serial_frmt != SERIAL_FRMT_UNSPEC) {
406                 mbedtls_printf("Invalid attempt to set the serial more than once\n");
407                 goto usage;
408             }
409             serial_frmt = SERIAL_FRMT_DEC;
410             opt.serial = q;
411         } else if (strcmp(p, "serial_hex") == 0) {
412             if (serial_frmt != SERIAL_FRMT_UNSPEC) {
413                 mbedtls_printf("Invalid attempt to set the serial more than once\n");
414                 goto usage;
415             }
416             serial_frmt = SERIAL_FRMT_HEX;
417             opt.serial_hex = q;
418         } else if (strcmp(p, "authority_identifier") == 0) {
419             opt.authority_identifier = atoi(q);
420             if (opt.authority_identifier != 0 &&
421                 opt.authority_identifier != 1) {
422                 mbedtls_printf("Invalid argument for option %s\n", p);
423                 goto usage;
424             }
425         } else if (strcmp(p, "subject_identifier") == 0) {
426             opt.subject_identifier = atoi(q);
427             if (opt.subject_identifier != 0 &&
428                 opt.subject_identifier != 1) {
429                 mbedtls_printf("Invalid argument for option %s\n", p);
430                 goto usage;
431             }
432         } else if (strcmp(p, "basic_constraints") == 0) {
433             opt.basic_constraints = atoi(q);
434             if (opt.basic_constraints != 0 &&
435                 opt.basic_constraints != 1) {
436                 mbedtls_printf("Invalid argument for option %s\n", p);
437                 goto usage;
438             }
439         } else if (strcmp(p, "md") == 0) {
440             const mbedtls_md_info_t *md_info =
441                 mbedtls_md_info_from_string(q);
442             if (md_info == NULL) {
443                 mbedtls_printf("Invalid argument for option %s\n", p);
444                 goto usage;
445             }
446             opt.md = mbedtls_md_get_type(md_info);
447         } else if (strcmp(p, "version") == 0) {
448             opt.version = atoi(q);
449             if (opt.version < 1 || opt.version > 3) {
450                 mbedtls_printf("Invalid argument for option %s\n", p);
451                 goto usage;
452             }
453             opt.version--;
454         } else if (strcmp(p, "selfsign") == 0) {
455             opt.selfsign = atoi(q);
456             if (opt.selfsign < 0 || opt.selfsign > 1) {
457                 mbedtls_printf("Invalid argument for option %s\n", p);
458                 goto usage;
459             }
460         } else if (strcmp(p, "is_ca") == 0) {
461             opt.is_ca = atoi(q);
462             if (opt.is_ca < 0 || opt.is_ca > 1) {
463                 mbedtls_printf("Invalid argument for option %s\n", p);
464                 goto usage;
465             }
466         } else if (strcmp(p, "max_pathlen") == 0) {
467             opt.max_pathlen = atoi(q);
468             if (opt.max_pathlen < -1 || opt.max_pathlen > 127) {
469                 mbedtls_printf("Invalid argument for option %s\n", p);
470                 goto usage;
471             }
472         } else if (strcmp(p, "key_usage") == 0) {
473             while (q != NULL) {
474                 if ((r = strchr(q, ',')) != NULL) {
475                     *r++ = '\0';
476                 }
477 
478                 if (strcmp(q, "digital_signature") == 0) {
479                     opt.key_usage |= MBEDTLS_X509_KU_DIGITAL_SIGNATURE;
480                 } else if (strcmp(q, "non_repudiation") == 0) {
481                     opt.key_usage |= MBEDTLS_X509_KU_NON_REPUDIATION;
482                 } else if (strcmp(q, "key_encipherment") == 0) {
483                     opt.key_usage |= MBEDTLS_X509_KU_KEY_ENCIPHERMENT;
484                 } else if (strcmp(q, "data_encipherment") == 0) {
485                     opt.key_usage |= MBEDTLS_X509_KU_DATA_ENCIPHERMENT;
486                 } else if (strcmp(q, "key_agreement") == 0) {
487                     opt.key_usage |= MBEDTLS_X509_KU_KEY_AGREEMENT;
488                 } else if (strcmp(q, "key_cert_sign") == 0) {
489                     opt.key_usage |= MBEDTLS_X509_KU_KEY_CERT_SIGN;
490                 } else if (strcmp(q, "crl_sign") == 0) {
491                     opt.key_usage |= MBEDTLS_X509_KU_CRL_SIGN;
492                 } else {
493                     mbedtls_printf("Invalid argument for option %s\n", p);
494                     goto usage;
495                 }
496 
497                 q = r;
498             }
499         } else if (strcmp(p, "ext_key_usage") == 0) {
500             mbedtls_asn1_sequence **tail = &opt.ext_key_usage;
501 
502             while (q != NULL) {
503                 if ((r = strchr(q, ',')) != NULL) {
504                     *r++ = '\0';
505                 }
506 
507                 ext_key_usage = mbedtls_calloc(1, sizeof(mbedtls_asn1_sequence));
508                 ext_key_usage->buf.tag = MBEDTLS_ASN1_OID;
509                 if (strcmp(q, "serverAuth") == 0) {
510                     SET_OID(ext_key_usage->buf, MBEDTLS_OID_SERVER_AUTH);
511                 } else if (strcmp(q, "clientAuth") == 0) {
512                     SET_OID(ext_key_usage->buf, MBEDTLS_OID_CLIENT_AUTH);
513                 } else if (strcmp(q, "codeSigning") == 0) {
514                     SET_OID(ext_key_usage->buf, MBEDTLS_OID_CODE_SIGNING);
515                 } else if (strcmp(q, "emailProtection") == 0) {
516                     SET_OID(ext_key_usage->buf, MBEDTLS_OID_EMAIL_PROTECTION);
517                 } else if (strcmp(q, "timeStamping") == 0) {
518                     SET_OID(ext_key_usage->buf, MBEDTLS_OID_TIME_STAMPING);
519                 } else if (strcmp(q, "OCSPSigning") == 0) {
520                     SET_OID(ext_key_usage->buf, MBEDTLS_OID_OCSP_SIGNING);
521                 } else if (strcmp(q, "any") == 0) {
522                     SET_OID(ext_key_usage->buf, MBEDTLS_OID_ANY_EXTENDED_KEY_USAGE);
523                 } else {
524                     mbedtls_printf("Invalid argument for option %s\n", p);
525                     goto usage;
526                 }
527 
528                 *tail = ext_key_usage;
529                 tail = &ext_key_usage->next;
530 
531                 q = r;
532             }
533         } else if (strcmp(p, "san") == 0) {
534             char *subtype_value;
535             prev = NULL;
536 
537             while (q != NULL) {
538                 char *semicolon;
539                 r = q;
540 
541                 /* Find the first non-escaped ; occurrence and remove escaped ones */
542                 do {
543                     if ((semicolon = strchr(r, ';')) != NULL) {
544                         if (*(semicolon-1) != '\\') {
545                             r = semicolon;
546                             break;
547                         }
548                         /* Remove the escape character */
549                         size_t size_left = strlen(semicolon);
550                         memmove(semicolon-1, semicolon, size_left);
551                         *(semicolon + size_left - 1) = '\0';
552                         /* r will now point at the character after the semicolon */
553                         r = semicolon;
554                     }
555 
556                 } while (semicolon != NULL);
557 
558                 if (semicolon != NULL) {
559                     *r++ = '\0';
560                 } else {
561                     r = NULL;
562                 }
563 
564                 cur = mbedtls_calloc(1, sizeof(mbedtls_x509_san_list));
565                 if (cur == NULL) {
566                     mbedtls_printf("Not enough memory for subjectAltName list\n");
567                     goto usage;
568                 }
569 
570                 cur->next = NULL;
571 
572                 if ((subtype_value = strchr(q, ':')) != NULL) {
573                     *subtype_value++ = '\0';
574                 } else {
575                     mbedtls_printf(
576                         "Invalid argument for option SAN: Entry must be of the form TYPE:value\n");
577                     goto usage;
578                 }
579                 if (strcmp(q, "RFC822") == 0) {
580                     cur->node.type = MBEDTLS_X509_SAN_RFC822_NAME;
581                 } else if (strcmp(q, "URI") == 0) {
582                     cur->node.type = MBEDTLS_X509_SAN_UNIFORM_RESOURCE_IDENTIFIER;
583                 } else if (strcmp(q, "DNS") == 0) {
584                     cur->node.type = MBEDTLS_X509_SAN_DNS_NAME;
585                 } else if (strcmp(q, "IP") == 0) {
586                     size_t ip_addr_len = 0;
587                     cur->node.type = MBEDTLS_X509_SAN_IP_ADDRESS;
588                     ip_addr_len = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_cn_inet_pton(subtype_value, ip);
589                     if (ip_addr_len == 0) {
590                         mbedtls_printf("mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_cn_inet_pton failed to parse %s\n",
591                                        subtype_value);
592                         goto exit;
593                     }
594                     cur->node.san.unstructured_name.p = (unsigned char *) ip;
595                     cur->node.san.unstructured_name.len = sizeof(ip);
596                 } else if (strcmp(q, "DN") == 0) {
597                     cur->node.type = MBEDTLS_X509_SAN_DIRECTORY_NAME;
598                     if ((ret = mbedtls_x509_string_to_names(&ext_san_dirname,
599                                                             subtype_value)) != 0) {
600                         mbedtls_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf));
601                         mbedtls_printf(
602                             " failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509_string_to_names "
603                             "returned -0x%04x - %s\n\n",
604                             (unsigned int) -ret, buf);
605                         goto exit;
606                     }
607                     cur->node.san.directory_name = *ext_san_dirname;
608                 } else {
609                     mbedtls_free(cur);
610                     goto usage;
611                 }
612 
613                 if (cur->node.type == MBEDTLS_X509_SAN_RFC822_NAME ||
614                     cur->node.type == MBEDTLS_X509_SAN_UNIFORM_RESOURCE_IDENTIFIER ||
615                     cur->node.type == MBEDTLS_X509_SAN_DNS_NAME) {
616                     q = subtype_value;
617                     cur->node.san.unstructured_name.p = (unsigned char *) q;
618                     cur->node.san.unstructured_name.len = strlen(q);
619                 }
620 
621                 if (prev == NULL) {
622                     opt.san_list = cur;
623                 } else {
624                     prev->next = cur;
625                 }
626 
627                 prev = cur;
628                 q = r;
629             }
630         } else if (strcmp(p, "ns_cert_type") == 0) {
631             while (q != NULL) {
632                 if ((r = strchr(q, ',')) != NULL) {
633                     *r++ = '\0';
634                 }
635 
636                 if (strcmp(q, "ssl_client") == 0) {
637                     opt.ns_cert_type |= MBEDTLS_X509_NS_CERT_TYPE_SSL_CLIENT;
638                 } else if (strcmp(q, "ssl_server") == 0) {
639                     opt.ns_cert_type |= MBEDTLS_X509_NS_CERT_TYPE_SSL_SERVER;
640                 } else if (strcmp(q, "email") == 0) {
641                     opt.ns_cert_type |= MBEDTLS_X509_NS_CERT_TYPE_EMAIL;
642                 } else if (strcmp(q, "object_signing") == 0) {
643                     opt.ns_cert_type |= MBEDTLS_X509_NS_CERT_TYPE_OBJECT_SIGNING;
644                 } else if (strcmp(q, "ssl_ca") == 0) {
645                     opt.ns_cert_type |= MBEDTLS_X509_NS_CERT_TYPE_SSL_CA;
646                 } else if (strcmp(q, "email_ca") == 0) {
647                     opt.ns_cert_type |= MBEDTLS_X509_NS_CERT_TYPE_EMAIL_CA;
648                 } else if (strcmp(q, "object_signing_ca") == 0) {
649                     opt.ns_cert_type |= MBEDTLS_X509_NS_CERT_TYPE_OBJECT_SIGNING_CA;
650                 } else {
651                     mbedtls_printf("Invalid argument for option %s\n", p);
652                     goto usage;
653                 }
654 
655                 q = r;
656             }
657         } else if (strcmp(p, "format") == 0) {
658             if (strcmp(q, "der") == 0) {
659                 opt.format = FORMAT_DER;
660             } else if (strcmp(q, "pem") == 0) {
661                 opt.format = FORMAT_PEM;
662             } else {
663                 mbedtls_printf("Invalid argument for option %s\n", p);
664                 goto usage;
665             }
666         } else {
667             goto usage;
668         }
669     }
670 
671     mbedtls_printf("\n");
672 
673     /*
674      * 0. Seed the PRNG
675      */
676     mbedtls_printf("  . Seeding the random number generator...");
677     fflush(stdout);
678 
679     if ((ret = mbedtls_ctr_drbg_seed(&ctr_drbg, mbedtls_entropy_func, &entropy,
680                                      (const unsigned char *) pers,
681                                      strlen(pers))) != 0) {
682         mbedtls_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf));
683         mbedtls_printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_ctr_drbg_seed returned %d - %s\n",
684                        ret, buf);
685         goto exit;
686     }
687 
688     mbedtls_printf(" ok\n");
689 
690     // Parse serial to MPI
691     //
692     mbedtls_printf("  . Reading serial number...");
693     fflush(stdout);
694 
695     if (serial_frmt == SERIAL_FRMT_HEX) {
696         ret = mbedtls_test_unhexify(serial, sizeof(serial),
697                                     opt.serial_hex, &serial_len);
698     } else { // SERIAL_FRMT_DEC || SERIAL_FRMT_UNSPEC
699         ret = parse_serial_decimal_format(serial, sizeof(serial),
700                                           opt.serial, &serial_len);
701     }
702 
703     if (ret != 0) {
704         mbedtls_printf(" failed\n  !  Unable to parse serial\n");
705         goto exit;
706     }
707 
708     mbedtls_printf(" ok\n");
709 
710     // Parse issuer certificate if present
711     //
712     if (!opt.selfsign && strlen(opt.issuer_crt)) {
713         /*
714          * 1.0.a. Load the certificates
715          */
716         mbedtls_printf("  . Loading the issuer certificate ...");
717         fflush(stdout);
718 
719         if ((ret = mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_file(&issuer_crt, opt.issuer_crt)) != 0) {
720             mbedtls_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf));
721             mbedtls_printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509_crt_parse_file "
722                            "returned -0x%04x - %s\n\n", (unsigned int) -ret, buf);
723             goto exit;
724         }
725 
726         ret = mbedtls_x509_dn_gets(issuer_name, sizeof(issuer_name),
727                                    &issuer_crt.subject);
728         if (ret < 0) {
729             mbedtls_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf));
730             mbedtls_printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509_dn_gets "
731                            "returned -0x%04x - %s\n\n", (unsigned int) -ret, buf);
732             goto exit;
733         }
734 
735         opt.issuer_name = issuer_name;
736 
737         mbedtls_printf(" ok\n");
738     }
739 
740 #if defined(MBEDTLS_X509_CSR_PARSE_C)
741     // Parse certificate request if present
742     //
743     if (!opt.selfsign && strlen(opt.request_file)) {
744         /*
745          * 1.0.b. Load the CSR
746          */
747         mbedtls_printf("  . Loading the certificate request ...");
748         fflush(stdout);
749 
750         if ((ret = mbedtls_x509_csr_parse_file(&csr, opt.request_file)) != 0) {
751             mbedtls_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf));
752             mbedtls_printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509_csr_parse_file "
753                            "returned -0x%04x - %s\n\n", (unsigned int) -ret, buf);
754             goto exit;
755         }
756 
757         ret = mbedtls_x509_dn_gets(subject_name, sizeof(subject_name),
758                                    &csr.subject);
759         if (ret < 0) {
760             mbedtls_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf));
761             mbedtls_printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509_dn_gets "
762                            "returned -0x%04x - %s\n\n", (unsigned int) -ret, buf);
763             goto exit;
764         }
765 
766         opt.subject_name = subject_name;
767         subject_key = &csr.pk;
768 
769         mbedtls_printf(" ok\n");
770     }
771 #endif /* MBEDTLS_X509_CSR_PARSE_C */
772 
773     /*
774      * 1.1. Load the keys
775      */
776     if (!opt.selfsign && !strlen(opt.request_file)) {
777         mbedtls_printf("  . Loading the subject key ...");
778         fflush(stdout);
779 
780         ret = mbedtls_pk_parse_keyfile(&loaded_subject_key, opt.subject_key,
781                                        opt.subject_pwd, mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random, &ctr_drbg);
782         if (ret != 0) {
783             mbedtls_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf));
784             mbedtls_printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_pk_parse_keyfile "
785                            "returned -0x%04x - %s\n\n", (unsigned int) -ret, buf);
786             goto exit;
787         }
788 
789         mbedtls_printf(" ok\n");
790     }
791 
792     mbedtls_printf("  . Loading the issuer key ...");
793     fflush(stdout);
794 
795     ret = mbedtls_pk_parse_keyfile(&loaded_issuer_key, opt.issuer_key,
796                                    opt.issuer_pwd, mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random, &ctr_drbg);
797     if (ret != 0) {
798         mbedtls_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf));
799         mbedtls_printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_pk_parse_keyfile "
800                        "returned -x%02x - %s\n\n", (unsigned int) -ret, buf);
801         goto exit;
802     }
803 
804     // Check if key and issuer certificate match
805     //
806     if (strlen(opt.issuer_crt)) {
807         if (mbedtls_pk_check_pair(&issuer_crt.pk, issuer_key,
808                                   mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random, &ctr_drbg) != 0) {
809             mbedtls_printf(" failed\n  !  issuer_key does not match "
810                            "issuer certificate\n\n");
811             goto exit;
812         }
813     }
814 
815     mbedtls_printf(" ok\n");
816 
817     if (opt.selfsign) {
818         opt.subject_name = opt.issuer_name;
819         subject_key = issuer_key;
820     }
821 
822     mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_subject_key(&crt, subject_key);
823     mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_issuer_key(&crt, issuer_key);
824 
825     /*
826      * 1.0. Check the names for validity
827      */
828     if ((ret = mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_subject_name(&crt, opt.subject_name)) != 0) {
829         mbedtls_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf));
830         mbedtls_printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_subject_name "
831                        "returned -0x%04x - %s\n\n", (unsigned int) -ret, buf);
832         goto exit;
833     }
834 
835     if ((ret = mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_issuer_name(&crt, opt.issuer_name)) != 0) {
836         mbedtls_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf));
837         mbedtls_printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_issuer_name "
838                        "returned -0x%04x - %s\n\n", (unsigned int) -ret, buf);
839         goto exit;
840     }
841 
842     mbedtls_printf("  . Setting certificate values ...");
843     fflush(stdout);
844 
845     mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_version(&crt, opt.version);
846     mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_md_alg(&crt, opt.md);
847 
848     ret = mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_serial_raw(&crt, serial, serial_len);
849     if (ret != 0) {
850         mbedtls_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf));
851         mbedtls_printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_serial_raw "
852                        "returned -0x%04x - %s\n\n", (unsigned int) -ret, buf);
853         goto exit;
854     }
855 
856     ret = mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_validity(&crt, opt.not_before, opt.not_after);
857     if (ret != 0) {
858         mbedtls_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf));
859         mbedtls_printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_validity "
860                        "returned -0x%04x - %s\n\n", (unsigned int) -ret, buf);
861         goto exit;
862     }
863 
864     mbedtls_printf(" ok\n");
865 
866     if (opt.version == MBEDTLS_X509_CRT_VERSION_3 &&
867         opt.basic_constraints != 0) {
868         mbedtls_printf("  . Adding the Basic Constraints extension ...");
869         fflush(stdout);
870 
871         ret = mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_basic_constraints(&crt, opt.is_ca,
872                                                           opt.max_pathlen);
873         if (ret != 0) {
874             mbedtls_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf));
875             mbedtls_printf(" failed\n  !  x509write_crt_set_basic_constraints "
876                            "returned -0x%04x - %s\n\n", (unsigned int) -ret, buf);
877             goto exit;
878         }
879 
880         mbedtls_printf(" ok\n");
881     }
882 
883 #if defined(MBEDTLS_MD_CAN_SHA1)
884     if (opt.version == MBEDTLS_X509_CRT_VERSION_3 &&
885         opt.subject_identifier != 0) {
886         mbedtls_printf("  . Adding the Subject Key Identifier ...");
887         fflush(stdout);
888 
889         ret = mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_subject_key_identifier(&crt);
890         if (ret != 0) {
891             mbedtls_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf));
892             mbedtls_printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_subject"
893                            "_key_identifier returned -0x%04x - %s\n\n",
894                            (unsigned int) -ret, buf);
895             goto exit;
896         }
897 
898         mbedtls_printf(" ok\n");
899     }
900 
901     if (opt.version == MBEDTLS_X509_CRT_VERSION_3 &&
902         opt.authority_identifier != 0) {
903         mbedtls_printf("  . Adding the Authority Key Identifier ...");
904         fflush(stdout);
905 
906         ret = mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_authority_key_identifier(&crt);
907         if (ret != 0) {
908             mbedtls_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf));
909             mbedtls_printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_authority_"
910                            "key_identifier returned -0x%04x - %s\n\n",
911                            (unsigned int) -ret, buf);
912             goto exit;
913         }
914 
915         mbedtls_printf(" ok\n");
916     }
917 #endif /* MBEDTLS_MD_CAN_SHA1 */
918 
919     if (opt.version == MBEDTLS_X509_CRT_VERSION_3 &&
920         opt.key_usage != 0) {
921         mbedtls_printf("  . Adding the Key Usage extension ...");
922         fflush(stdout);
923 
924         ret = mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_key_usage(&crt, opt.key_usage);
925         if (ret != 0) {
926             mbedtls_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf));
927             mbedtls_printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_key_usage "
928                            "returned -0x%04x - %s\n\n", (unsigned int) -ret, buf);
929             goto exit;
930         }
931 
932         mbedtls_printf(" ok\n");
933     }
934 
935     if (opt.san_list != NULL) {
936         ret = mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_subject_alternative_name(&crt, opt.san_list);
937 
938         if (ret != 0) {
939             mbedtls_printf(
940                 " failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_subject_alternative_name returned %d",
941                 ret);
942             goto exit;
943         }
944     }
945 
946     if (opt.ext_key_usage) {
947         mbedtls_printf("  . Adding the Extended Key Usage extension ...");
948         fflush(stdout);
949 
950         ret = mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_ext_key_usage(&crt, opt.ext_key_usage);
951         if (ret != 0) {
952             mbedtls_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf));
953             mbedtls_printf(
954                 " failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_ext_key_usage returned -0x%02x - %s\n\n",
955                 (unsigned int) -ret,
956                 buf);
957             goto exit;
958         }
959 
960         mbedtls_printf(" ok\n");
961     }
962 
963     if (opt.version == MBEDTLS_X509_CRT_VERSION_3 &&
964         opt.ns_cert_type != 0) {
965         mbedtls_printf("  . Adding the NS Cert Type extension ...");
966         fflush(stdout);
967 
968         ret = mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_ns_cert_type(&crt, opt.ns_cert_type);
969         if (ret != 0) {
970             mbedtls_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf));
971             mbedtls_printf(" failed\n  !  mbedtls_x509write_crt_set_ns_cert_type "
972                            "returned -0x%04x - %s\n\n", (unsigned int) -ret, buf);
973             goto exit;
974         }
975 
976         mbedtls_printf(" ok\n");
977     }
978 
979     /*
980      * 1.2. Writing the certificate
981      */
982     mbedtls_printf("  . Writing the certificate...");
983     fflush(stdout);
984 
985     if ((ret = write_certificate(&crt, opt.output_file,
986                                  mbedtls_ctr_drbg_random, &ctr_drbg)) != 0) {
987         mbedtls_strerror(ret, buf, sizeof(buf));
988         mbedtls_printf(" failed\n  !  write_certificate -0x%04x - %s\n\n",
989                        (unsigned int) -ret, buf);
990         goto exit;
991     }
992 
993     mbedtls_printf(" ok\n");
994 
995     exit_code = MBEDTLS_EXIT_SUCCESS;
996 
997 exit:
998 #if defined(MBEDTLS_X509_CSR_PARSE_C)
999     mbedtls_x509_csr_free(&csr);
1000 #endif /* MBEDTLS_X509_CSR_PARSE_C */
1001     mbedtls_asn1_free_named_data_list(&ext_san_dirname);
1002     mbedtls_x509_crt_free(&issuer_crt);
1003     mbedtls_x509write_crt_free(&crt);
1004     mbedtls_pk_free(&loaded_subject_key);
1005     mbedtls_pk_free(&loaded_issuer_key);
1006     mbedtls_ctr_drbg_free(&ctr_drbg);
1007     mbedtls_entropy_free(&entropy);
1008 #if defined(MBEDTLS_USE_PSA_CRYPTO)
1009     mbedtls_psa_crypto_free();
1010 #endif /* MBEDTLS_USE_PSA_CRYPTO */
1011 
1012     mbedtls_exit(exit_code);
1013 }
1014 #endif /* MBEDTLS_X509_CRT_WRITE_C && MBEDTLS_X509_CRT_PARSE_C &&
1015           MBEDTLS_FS_IO && MBEDTLS_ENTROPY_C && MBEDTLS_CTR_DRBG_C &&
1016           MBEDTLS_ERROR_C && MBEDTLS_PEM_WRITE_C */
1017