# SPDX-FileCopyrightText: 2014-2022 Fredrik Ahlberg, Angus Gratton,
# Espressif Systems (Shanghai) CO LTD, other contributors as noted.
#
# SPDX-License-Identifier: GPL-2.0-or-later
# PYTHON_ARGCOMPLETE_OK
__all__ = [
"chip_id",
"detect_chip",
"dump_mem",
"elf2image",
"erase_flash",
"erase_region",
"flash_id",
"get_security_info",
"image_info",
"load_ram",
"make_image",
"merge_bin",
"read_flash",
"read_flash_status",
"read_mac",
"read_mem",
"run",
"verify_flash",
"version",
"write_flash",
"write_flash_status",
"write_mem",
]
__version__ = "4.8.1"
import argparse
import inspect
import os
import shlex
import sys
import time
import traceback
from esptool.bin_image import intel_hex_to_bin
from esptool.cmds import (
DETECTED_FLASH_SIZES,
chip_id,
detect_chip,
detect_flash_size,
dump_mem,
elf2image,
erase_flash,
erase_region,
flash_id,
read_flash_sfdp,
get_security_info,
image_info,
load_ram,
make_image,
merge_bin,
read_flash,
read_flash_status,
read_mac,
read_mem,
run,
verify_flash,
version,
write_flash,
write_flash_status,
write_mem,
)
from esptool.config import load_config_file
from esptool.loader import (
DEFAULT_CONNECT_ATTEMPTS,
DEFAULT_OPEN_PORT_ATTEMPTS,
StubFlasher,
ESPLoader,
list_ports,
)
from esptool.targets import CHIP_DEFS, CHIP_LIST, ESP32ROM
from esptool.util import (
FatalError,
NotImplementedInROMError,
flash_size_bytes,
strip_chip_name,
)
from itertools import chain, cycle, repeat
import serial
def main(argv=None, esp=None):
"""
Main function for esptool
argv - Optional override for default arguments parsing (that uses sys.argv),
can be a list of custom arguments as strings. Arguments and their values
need to be added as individual items to the list
e.g. "-b 115200" thus becomes ['-b', '115200'].
esp - Optional override of the connected device previously
returned by get_default_connected_device()
"""
external_esp = esp is not None
parser = argparse.ArgumentParser(
description="esptool.py v%s - Espressif chips ROM Bootloader Utility"
% __version__,
prog="esptool",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--chip",
"-c",
help="Target chip type",
type=strip_chip_name,
choices=["auto"] + CHIP_LIST,
default=os.environ.get("ESPTOOL_CHIP", "auto"),
)
parser.add_argument(
"--port",
"-p",
help="Serial port device",
default=os.environ.get("ESPTOOL_PORT", None),
)
parser.add_argument(
"--baud",
"-b",
help="Serial port baud rate used when flashing/reading",
type=arg_auto_int,
default=os.environ.get("ESPTOOL_BAUD", ESPLoader.ESP_ROM_BAUD),
)
parser.add_argument(
"--port-filter",
action="append",
help="Serial port device filter, can be vid=NUMBER, pid=NUMBER, name=SUBSTRING",
type=str,
default=[],
)
parser.add_argument(
"--before",
help="What to do before connecting to the chip",
choices=["default_reset", "usb_reset", "no_reset", "no_reset_no_sync"],
default=os.environ.get("ESPTOOL_BEFORE", "default_reset"),
)
parser.add_argument(
"--after",
"-a",
help="What to do after esptool.py is finished",
choices=["hard_reset", "soft_reset", "no_reset", "no_reset_stub"],
default=os.environ.get("ESPTOOL_AFTER", "hard_reset"),
)
parser.add_argument(
"--no-stub",
help="Disable launching the flasher stub, only talk to ROM bootloader. "
"Some features will not be available.",
action="store_true",
)
# --stub-version can be set with --no-stub so the tests wouldn't fail if this option is implied globally
parser.add_argument(
"--stub-version",
default=os.environ.get("ESPTOOL_STUB_VERSION", StubFlasher.STUB_SUBDIRS[0]),
choices=StubFlasher.STUB_SUBDIRS,
# not a public option and is not subject to the semantic versioning policy
help=argparse.SUPPRESS,
)
parser.add_argument(
"--trace",
"-t",
help="Enable trace-level output of esptool.py interactions.",
action="store_true",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--override-vddsdio",
help="Override ESP32 VDDSDIO internal voltage regulator (use with care)",
choices=ESP32ROM.OVERRIDE_VDDSDIO_CHOICES,
nargs="?",
)
parser.add_argument(
"--connect-attempts",
help=(
"Number of attempts to connect, negative or 0 for infinite. "
"Default: %d." % DEFAULT_CONNECT_ATTEMPTS
),
type=int,
default=os.environ.get("ESPTOOL_CONNECT_ATTEMPTS", DEFAULT_CONNECT_ATTEMPTS),
)
subparsers = parser.add_subparsers(
dest="operation", help="Run esptool.py {command} -h for additional help"
)
def add_spi_connection_arg(parent):
parent.add_argument(
"--spi-connection",
"-sc",
help="Override default SPI Flash connection. "
"Value can be SPI, HSPI or a comma-separated list of 5 I/O numbers "
"to use for SPI flash (CLK,Q,D,HD,CS). Not supported with ESP8266.",
action=SpiConnectionAction,
)
parser_load_ram = subparsers.add_parser(
"load_ram", help="Download an image to RAM and execute"
)
parser_load_ram.add_argument(
"filename", help="Firmware image", action=AutoHex2BinAction
)
parser_dump_mem = subparsers.add_parser(
"dump_mem", help="Dump arbitrary memory to disk"
)
parser_dump_mem.add_argument("address", help="Base address", type=arg_auto_int)
parser_dump_mem.add_argument(
"size", help="Size of region to dump", type=arg_auto_int
)
parser_dump_mem.add_argument("filename", help="Name of binary dump")
parser_read_mem = subparsers.add_parser(
"read_mem", help="Read arbitrary memory location"
)
parser_read_mem.add_argument("address", help="Address to read", type=arg_auto_int)
parser_write_mem = subparsers.add_parser(
"write_mem", help="Read-modify-write to arbitrary memory location"
)
parser_write_mem.add_argument("address", help="Address to write", type=arg_auto_int)
parser_write_mem.add_argument("value", help="Value", type=arg_auto_int)
parser_write_mem.add_argument(
"mask",
help="Mask of bits to write",
type=arg_auto_int,
nargs="?",
default="0xFFFFFFFF",
)
def add_spi_flash_subparsers(
parent: argparse.ArgumentParser,
allow_keep: bool,
auto_detect: bool,
size_only: bool = False,
):
"""Add common parser arguments for SPI flash properties"""
extra_keep_args = ["keep"] if allow_keep else []
if auto_detect and allow_keep:
extra_fs_message = ", detect, or keep"
flash_sizes = ["detect", "keep"]
elif auto_detect:
extra_fs_message = ", or detect"
flash_sizes = ["detect"]
elif allow_keep:
extra_fs_message = ", or keep"
flash_sizes = ["keep"]
else:
extra_fs_message = ""
flash_sizes = []
if not size_only:
parent.add_argument(
"--flash_freq",
"-ff",
help="SPI Flash frequency",
choices=extra_keep_args
+ [
"80m",
"60m",
"48m",
"40m",
"30m",
"26m",
"24m",
"20m",
"16m",
"15m",
"12m",
],
default=os.environ.get("ESPTOOL_FF", "keep" if allow_keep else None),
)
parent.add_argument(
"--flash_mode",
"-fm",
help="SPI Flash mode",
choices=extra_keep_args + ["qio", "qout", "dio", "dout"],
default=os.environ.get("ESPTOOL_FM", "keep" if allow_keep else "qio"),
)
parent.add_argument(
"--flash_size",
"-fs",
help="SPI Flash size in MegaBytes "
"(1MB, 2MB, 4MB, 8MB, 16MB, 32MB, 64MB, 128MB) "
"plus ESP8266-only (256KB, 512KB, 2MB-c1, 4MB-c1)" + extra_fs_message,
choices=flash_sizes
+ [
"256KB",
"512KB",
"1MB",
"2MB",
"2MB-c1",
"4MB",
"4MB-c1",
"8MB",
"16MB",
"32MB",
"64MB",
"128MB",
],
default=os.environ.get("ESPTOOL_FS", "keep" if allow_keep else "1MB"),
)
add_spi_connection_arg(parent)
parser_write_flash = subparsers.add_parser(
"write_flash", help="Write a binary blob to flash"
)
parser_write_flash.add_argument(
"addr_filename",
metavar="
",
help="Address followed by binary filename, separated by space",
action=AddrFilenamePairAction,
)
parser_write_flash.add_argument(
"--erase-all",
"-e",
help="Erase all regions of flash (not just write areas) before programming",
action="store_true",
)
add_spi_flash_subparsers(parser_write_flash, allow_keep=True, auto_detect=True)
parser_write_flash.add_argument(
"--no-progress", "-p", help="Suppress progress output", action="store_true"
)
parser_write_flash.add_argument(
"--verify",
help="Verify just-written data on flash "
"(mostly superfluous, data is read back during flashing)",
action="store_true",
)
parser_write_flash.add_argument(
"--encrypt",
help="Apply flash encryption when writing data "
"(required correct efuse settings)",
action="store_true",
)
# In order to not break backward compatibility,
# our list of encrypted files to flash is a new parameter
parser_write_flash.add_argument(
"--encrypt-files",
metavar=" ",
help="Files to be encrypted on the flash. "
"Address followed by binary filename, separated by space.",
action=AddrFilenamePairAction,
)
parser_write_flash.add_argument(
"--ignore-flash-encryption-efuse-setting",
help="Ignore flash encryption efuse settings ",
action="store_true",
)
parser_write_flash.add_argument(
"--force",
help="Force write, skip security and compatibility checks. Use with caution!",
action="store_true",
)
compress_args = parser_write_flash.add_mutually_exclusive_group(required=False)
compress_args.add_argument(
"--compress",
"-z",
help="Compress data in transfer (default unless --no-stub is specified)",
action="store_true",
default=None,
)
compress_args.add_argument(
"--no-compress",
"-u",
help="Disable data compression during transfer "
"(default if --no-stub is specified)",
action="store_true",
)
subparsers.add_parser("run", help="Run application code in flash")
parser_image_info = subparsers.add_parser(
"image_info", help="Dump headers from a binary file (bootloader or application)"
)
parser_image_info.add_argument(
"filename", help="Image file to parse", action=AutoHex2BinAction
)
parser_image_info.add_argument(
"--version",
"-v",
help="Output format version (1 - legacy, 2 - extended)",
choices=["1", "2"],
default="1",
)
parser_make_image = subparsers.add_parser(
"make_image", help="Create an application image from binary files"
)
parser_make_image.add_argument("output", help="Output image file")
parser_make_image.add_argument(
"--segfile", "-f", action="append", help="Segment input file"
)
parser_make_image.add_argument(
"--segaddr",
"-a",
action="append",
help="Segment base address",
type=arg_auto_int,
)
parser_make_image.add_argument(
"--entrypoint",
"-e",
help="Address of entry point",
type=arg_auto_int,
default=0,
)
parser_elf2image = subparsers.add_parser(
"elf2image", help="Create an application image from ELF file"
)
parser_elf2image.add_argument("input", help="Input ELF file")
parser_elf2image.add_argument(
"--output",
"-o",
help="Output filename prefix (for version 1 image), "
"or filename (for version 2 single image)",
type=str,
)
parser_elf2image.add_argument(
"--version",
"-e",
help="Output image version",
choices=["1", "2", "3"],
default="1",
)
parser_elf2image.add_argument(
# it kept for compatibility
# Minimum chip revision (deprecated, consider using --min-rev-full)
"--min-rev",
"-r",
help=argparse.SUPPRESS,
type=int,
choices=range(256),
metavar="{0, ... 255}",
default=0,
)
parser_elf2image.add_argument(
"--min-rev-full",
help="Minimal chip revision (in format: major * 100 + minor)",
type=int,
choices=range(65536),
metavar="{0, ... 65535}",
default=0,
)
parser_elf2image.add_argument(
"--max-rev-full",
help="Maximal chip revision (in format: major * 100 + minor)",
type=int,
choices=range(65536),
metavar="{0, ... 65535}",
default=65535,
)
parser_elf2image.add_argument(
"--secure-pad",
action="store_true",
help="Pad image so once signed it will end on a 64KB boundary. "
"For Secure Boot v1 images only.",
)
parser_elf2image.add_argument(
"--secure-pad-v2",
action="store_true",
help="Pad image to 64KB, so once signed its signature sector will"
"start at the next 64K block. For Secure Boot v2 images only.",
)
parser_elf2image.add_argument(
"--elf-sha256-offset",
help="If set, insert SHA256 hash (32 bytes) of the input ELF file "
"at specified offset in the binary.",
type=arg_auto_int,
default=None,
)
parser_elf2image.add_argument(
"--dont-append-digest",
dest="append_digest",
help="Don't append a SHA256 digest of the entire image after the checksum. "
"This argument is not supported and ignored for ESP8266.",
action="store_false",
default=True,
)
parser_elf2image.add_argument(
"--use_segments",
help="If set, ELF segments will be used instead of ELF sections "
"to generate the image.",
action="store_true",
)
parser_elf2image.add_argument(
"--flash-mmu-page-size",
help="Change flash MMU page size.",
choices=["64KB", "32KB", "16KB", "8KB"],
)
parser_elf2image.add_argument(
"--pad-to-size",
help="The block size with which the final binary image after padding "
"must be aligned to. Value 0xFF is used for padding, similar to erase_flash",
default=None,
)
parser_elf2image.add_argument(
"--ram-only-header",
help="Order segments of the output so IRAM and DRAM are placed at the "
"beginning and force the main header segment number to RAM segments "
"quantity. This will make the other segments invisible to the ROM "
"loader. Use this argument with care because the ROM loader will load "
"only the RAM segments although the other segments being present in "
"the output. Implies --dont-append-digest",
action="store_true",
default=None,
)
add_spi_flash_subparsers(parser_elf2image, allow_keep=False, auto_detect=False)
subparsers.add_parser("read_mac", help="Read MAC address from OTP ROM")
subparsers.add_parser("chip_id", help="Read Chip ID from OTP ROM")
parser_flash_id = subparsers.add_parser(
"flash_id", help="Read SPI flash manufacturer and device ID"
)
add_spi_connection_arg(parser_flash_id)
parser_read_status = subparsers.add_parser(
"read_flash_status", help="Read SPI flash status register"
)
add_spi_connection_arg(parser_read_status)
parser_read_status.add_argument(
"--bytes",
help="Number of bytes to read (1-3)",
type=int,
choices=[1, 2, 3],
default=2,
)
parser_write_status = subparsers.add_parser(
"write_flash_status", help="Write SPI flash status register"
)
add_spi_connection_arg(parser_write_status)
parser_write_status.add_argument(
"--non-volatile",
help="Write non-volatile bits (use with caution)",
action="store_true",
)
parser_write_status.add_argument(
"--bytes",
help="Number of status bytes to write (1-3)",
type=int,
choices=[1, 2, 3],
default=2,
)
parser_write_status.add_argument("value", help="New value", type=arg_auto_int)
parser_read_flash = subparsers.add_parser(
"read_flash", help="Read SPI flash content"
)
add_spi_flash_subparsers(
parser_read_flash, allow_keep=True, auto_detect=True, size_only=True
)
parser_read_flash.add_argument("address", help="Start address", type=arg_auto_int)
parser_read_flash.add_argument(
"size",
help="Size of region to dump. Use `ALL` to read to the end of flash.",
type=arg_auto_size,
)
parser_read_flash.add_argument("filename", help="Name of binary dump")
parser_read_flash.add_argument(
"--no-progress", "-p", help="Suppress progress output", action="store_true"
)
parser_verify_flash = subparsers.add_parser(
"verify_flash", help="Verify a binary blob against flash"
)
parser_verify_flash.add_argument(
"addr_filename",
help="Address and binary file to verify there, separated by space",
action=AddrFilenamePairAction,
)
parser_verify_flash.add_argument(
"--diff", "-d", help="Show differences", choices=["no", "yes"], default="no"
)
add_spi_flash_subparsers(parser_verify_flash, allow_keep=True, auto_detect=True)
parser_erase_flash = subparsers.add_parser(
"erase_flash", help="Perform Chip Erase on SPI flash"
)
parser_erase_flash.add_argument(
"--force",
help="Erase flash even if security features are enabled. Use with caution!",
action="store_true",
)
add_spi_connection_arg(parser_erase_flash)
parser_erase_region = subparsers.add_parser(
"erase_region", help="Erase a region of the flash"
)
parser_erase_region.add_argument(
"--force",
help="Erase region even if security features are enabled. Use with caution!",
action="store_true",
)
add_spi_connection_arg(parser_erase_region)
parser_erase_region.add_argument(
"address", help="Start address (must be multiple of 4096)", type=arg_auto_int
)
parser_erase_region.add_argument(
"size",
help="Size of region to erase (must be multiple of 4096). "
"Use `ALL` to erase to the end of flash.",
type=arg_auto_size,
)
parser_read_flash_sfdp = subparsers.add_parser(
"read_flash_sfdp",
help="Read SPI flash SFDP (Serial Flash Discoverable Parameters)",
)
add_spi_flash_subparsers(parser_read_flash_sfdp, allow_keep=True, auto_detect=True)
parser_read_flash_sfdp.add_argument("addr", type=arg_auto_int)
parser_read_flash_sfdp.add_argument("bytes", type=int)
parser_merge_bin = subparsers.add_parser(
"merge_bin",
help="Merge multiple raw binary files into a single file for later flashing",
)
parser_merge_bin.add_argument(
"--output", "-o", help="Output filename", type=str, required=True
)
parser_merge_bin.add_argument(
"--format",
"-f",
help="Format of the output file",
choices=["raw", "uf2", "hex"],
default="raw",
)
uf2_group = parser_merge_bin.add_argument_group("UF2 format")
uf2_group.add_argument(
"--chunk-size",
help="Specify the used data part of the 512 byte UF2 block. "
"A common value is 256. By default the largest possible value will be used.",
default=None,
type=arg_auto_chunk_size,
)
uf2_group.add_argument(
"--md5-disable",
help="Disable MD5 checksum in UF2 output",
action="store_true",
)
add_spi_flash_subparsers(parser_merge_bin, allow_keep=True, auto_detect=False)
raw_group = parser_merge_bin.add_argument_group("RAW format")
raw_group.add_argument(
"--target-offset",
"-t",
help="Target offset where the output file will be flashed",
type=arg_auto_int,
default=0,
)
raw_group.add_argument(
"--fill-flash-size",
help="If set, the final binary file will be padded with FF "
"bytes up to this flash size.",
choices=[
"256KB",
"512KB",
"1MB",
"2MB",
"4MB",
"8MB",
"16MB",
"32MB",
"64MB",
"128MB",
],
)
parser_merge_bin.add_argument(
"addr_filename",
metavar=" ",
help="Address followed by binary filename, separated by space",
action=AddrFilenamePairAction,
)
subparsers.add_parser("get_security_info", help="Get some security-related data")
subparsers.add_parser("version", help="Print esptool version")
# internal sanity check - every operation matches a module function of the same name
for operation in subparsers.choices.keys():
assert operation in globals(), "%s should be a module function" % operation
# Enable argcomplete only on Unix-like systems
if sys.platform != "win32":
try:
import argcomplete
argcomplete.autocomplete(parser)
except ImportError:
pass
argv = expand_file_arguments(argv or sys.argv[1:])
args = parser.parse_args(argv)
print("esptool.py v%s" % __version__)
load_config_file(verbose=True)
StubFlasher.set_preferred_stub_subdir(args.stub_version)
# Parse filter arguments into separate lists
args.filterVids = []
args.filterPids = []
args.filterNames = []
for f in args.port_filter:
kvp = f.split("=")
if len(kvp) != 2:
raise FatalError("Option --port-filter argument must consist of key=value")
if kvp[0] == "vid":
args.filterVids.append(arg_auto_int(kvp[1]))
elif kvp[0] == "pid":
args.filterPids.append(arg_auto_int(kvp[1]))
elif kvp[0] == "name":
args.filterNames.append(kvp[1])
else:
raise FatalError("Option --port-filter argument key not recognized")
# operation function can take 1 arg (args), 2 args (esp, arg)
# or be a member function of the ESPLoader class.
if args.operation is None:
parser.print_help()
sys.exit(1)
# Forbid the usage of both --encrypt, which means encrypt all the given files,
# and --encrypt-files, which represents the list of files to encrypt.
# The reason is that allowing both at the same time increases the chances of
# having contradictory lists (e.g. one file not available in one of list).
if (
args.operation == "write_flash"
and args.encrypt
and args.encrypt_files is not None
):
raise FatalError(
"Options --encrypt and --encrypt-files "
"must not be specified at the same time."
)
operation_func = globals()[args.operation]
operation_args = inspect.getfullargspec(operation_func).args
if (
operation_args[0] == "esp"
): # operation function takes an ESPLoader connection object
if args.before != "no_reset_no_sync":
initial_baud = min(
ESPLoader.ESP_ROM_BAUD, args.baud
) # don't sync faster than the default baud rate
else:
initial_baud = args.baud
if args.port is None:
ser_list = get_port_list(args.filterVids, args.filterPids, args.filterNames)
print("Found %d serial ports" % len(ser_list))
else:
ser_list = [args.port]
open_port_attempts = os.environ.get(
"ESPTOOL_OPEN_PORT_ATTEMPTS", DEFAULT_OPEN_PORT_ATTEMPTS
)
try:
open_port_attempts = int(open_port_attempts)
except ValueError:
raise SystemExit("Invalid value for ESPTOOL_OPEN_PORT_ATTEMPTS")
if open_port_attempts != 1:
if args.port is None or args.chip == "auto":
print(
"WARNING: The ESPTOOL_OPEN_PORT_ATTEMPTS (open_port_attempts) option can only be used with --port and --chip arguments."
)
else:
esp = esp or connect_loop(
args.port,
initial_baud,
args.chip,
open_port_attempts,
args.trace,
args.before,
)
esp = esp or get_default_connected_device(
ser_list,
port=args.port,
connect_attempts=args.connect_attempts,
initial_baud=initial_baud,
chip=args.chip,
trace=args.trace,
before=args.before,
)
if esp is None:
raise FatalError(
"Could not connect to an Espressif device "
"on any of the %d available serial ports." % len(ser_list)
)
if esp.secure_download_mode:
print("Chip is %s in Secure Download Mode" % esp.CHIP_NAME)
else:
print("Chip is %s" % (esp.get_chip_description()))
print("Features: %s" % ", ".join(esp.get_chip_features()))
print("Crystal is %dMHz" % esp.get_crystal_freq())
read_mac(esp, args)
if not args.no_stub:
if esp.secure_download_mode:
print(
"WARNING: Stub loader is not supported in Secure Download Mode, "
"setting --no-stub"
)
args.no_stub = True
elif not esp.IS_STUB and esp.stub_is_disabled:
print(
"WARNING: Stub loader has been disabled for compatibility, "
"setting --no-stub"
)
args.no_stub = True
else:
try:
esp = esp.run_stub()
except Exception:
# The CH9102 bridge (PID: 0x55D4) can have issues on MacOS
if sys.platform == "darwin" and esp._get_pid() == 0x55D4:
print(
"\nNote: If issues persist, "
"try installing the WCH USB-to-Serial MacOS driver."
)
raise
if args.override_vddsdio:
esp.override_vddsdio(args.override_vddsdio)
if args.baud > initial_baud:
try:
esp.change_baud(args.baud)
except NotImplementedInROMError:
print(
"WARNING: ROM doesn't support changing baud rate. "
"Keeping initial baud rate %d" % initial_baud
)
def _define_spi_conn(spi_connection):
"""Prepare SPI configuration string and value for flash_spi_attach()"""
clk, q, d, hd, cs = spi_connection
spi_config_txt = f"CLK:{clk}, Q:{q}, D:{d}, HD:{hd}, CS:{cs}"
value = (hd << 24) | (cs << 18) | (d << 12) | (q << 6) | clk
return spi_config_txt, value
# Override the common SPI flash parameter stuff if configured to do so
if hasattr(args, "spi_connection") and args.spi_connection is not None:
spi_config = args.spi_connection
if args.spi_connection == "SPI":
value = 0
elif args.spi_connection == "HSPI":
value = 1
else:
esp.check_spi_connection(args.spi_connection)
# Encode the pin numbers as a 32-bit integer with packed 6-bit values,
# the same way the ESP ROM takes them
spi_config, value = _define_spi_conn(args.spi_connection)
print(f"Configuring SPI flash mode ({spi_config})...")
esp.flash_spi_attach(value)
elif args.no_stub:
if esp.CHIP_NAME != "ESP32" or esp.secure_download_mode:
print("Enabling default SPI flash mode...")
# ROM loader doesn't enable flash unless we explicitly do it
esp.flash_spi_attach(0)
else:
# ROM doesn't attach in-package flash chips
spi_chip_pads = esp.get_chip_spi_pads()
spi_config_txt, value = _define_spi_conn(spi_chip_pads)
if spi_chip_pads != (0, 0, 0, 0, 0):
print(
"Attaching flash from eFuses' SPI pads configuration"
f"({spi_config_txt})..."
)
else:
print("Enabling default SPI flash mode...")
esp.flash_spi_attach(value)
# XMC chip startup sequence
XMC_VENDOR_ID = 0x20
def is_xmc_chip_strict():
id = esp.flash_id()
rdid = ((id & 0xFF) << 16) | ((id >> 16) & 0xFF) | (id & 0xFF00)
vendor_id = (rdid >> 16) & 0xFF
mfid = (rdid >> 8) & 0xFF
cpid = rdid & 0xFF
if vendor_id != XMC_VENDOR_ID:
return False
matched = False
if mfid == 0x40:
if cpid >= 0x13 and cpid <= 0x20:
matched = True
elif mfid == 0x41:
if cpid >= 0x17 and cpid <= 0x20:
matched = True
elif mfid == 0x50:
if cpid >= 0x15 and cpid <= 0x16:
matched = True
return matched
def flash_xmc_startup():
# If the RDID value is a valid XMC one, may skip the flow
fast_check = True
if fast_check and is_xmc_chip_strict():
return # Successful XMC flash chip boot-up detected by RDID, skipping.
sfdp_mfid_addr = 0x10
mf_id = esp.read_spiflash_sfdp(sfdp_mfid_addr, 8)
if mf_id != XMC_VENDOR_ID: # Non-XMC chip detected by SFDP Read, skipping.
return
print(
"WARNING: XMC flash chip boot-up failure detected! "
"Running XMC25QHxxC startup flow"
)
esp.run_spiflash_command(0xB9) # Enter DPD
esp.run_spiflash_command(0x79) # Enter UDPD
esp.run_spiflash_command(0xFF) # Exit UDPD
time.sleep(0.002) # Delay tXUDPD
esp.run_spiflash_command(0xAB) # Release Power-Down
time.sleep(0.00002)
# Check for success
if not is_xmc_chip_strict():
print("WARNING: XMC flash boot-up fix failed.")
print("XMC flash chip boot-up fix successful!")
# Check flash chip connection
if not esp.secure_download_mode:
try:
flash_id = esp.flash_id()
if flash_id in (0xFFFFFF, 0x000000):
print(
"WARNING: Failed to communicate with the flash chip, "
"read/write operations will fail. "
"Try checking the chip connections or removing "
"any other hardware connected to IOs."
)
if (
hasattr(args, "spi_connection")
and args.spi_connection is not None
):
print(
"Some GPIO pins might be used by other peripherals, "
"try using another --spi-connection combination."
)
except FatalError as e:
raise FatalError(f"Unable to verify flash chip connection ({e}).")
# Check if XMC SPI flash chip booted-up successfully, fix if not
if not esp.secure_download_mode:
try:
flash_xmc_startup()
except FatalError as e:
esp.trace(f"Unable to perform XMC flash chip startup sequence ({e}).")
if hasattr(args, "flash_size"):
print("Configuring flash size...")
if args.flash_size == "detect":
flash_size = detect_flash_size(esp, args)
elif args.flash_size == "keep":
flash_size = detect_flash_size(esp, args=None)
if not esp.IS_STUB:
print(
"WARNING: In case of failure, please set a specific --flash_size."
)
else:
flash_size = args.flash_size
if flash_size is not None: # Secure download mode
esp.flash_set_parameters(flash_size_bytes(flash_size))
# Check if stub supports chosen flash size
if (
esp.IS_STUB
and esp.CHIP_NAME != "ESP32-S3"
and flash_size_bytes(flash_size) > 16 * 1024 * 1024
):
print(
"WARNING: Flasher stub doesn't fully support flash size larger "
"than 16MB, in case of failure use --no-stub."
)
if getattr(args, "size", "") == "all":
if esp.secure_download_mode:
raise FatalError(
"Detecting flash size is not supported in secure download mode. "
"Set an exact size value."
)
# detect flash size
flash_id = esp.flash_id()
size_id = flash_id >> 16
size_str = DETECTED_FLASH_SIZES.get(size_id)
if size_str is None:
raise FatalError(
"Detecting flash size failed. Set an exact size value."
)
print(f"Detected flash size: {size_str}")
args.size = flash_size_bytes(size_str)
if esp.IS_STUB and hasattr(args, "address") and hasattr(args, "size"):
if esp.CHIP_NAME != "ESP32-S3" and args.address + args.size > 0x1000000:
print(
"WARNING: Flasher stub doesn't fully support flash size larger "
"than 16MB, in case of failure use --no-stub."
)
try:
operation_func(esp, args)
finally:
try: # Clean up AddrFilenamePairAction files
for address, argfile in args.addr_filename:
argfile.close()
except AttributeError:
pass
# Handle post-operation behaviour (reset or other)
if operation_func == load_ram:
# the ESP is now running the loaded image, so let it run
print("Exiting immediately.")
elif args.after == "hard_reset":
esp.hard_reset()
elif args.after == "soft_reset":
print("Soft resetting...")
# flash_finish will trigger a soft reset
esp.soft_reset(False)
elif args.after == "no_reset_stub":
print("Staying in flasher stub.")
else: # args.after == 'no_reset'
print("Staying in bootloader.")
if esp.IS_STUB:
esp.soft_reset(True) # exit stub back to ROM loader
if not external_esp:
esp._port.close()
else:
operation_func(args)
def arg_auto_int(x):
return int(x, 0)
def arg_auto_size(x):
x = x.lower()
return x if x == "all" else arg_auto_int(x)
def arg_auto_chunk_size(string: str) -> int:
num = int(string, 0)
if num & 3 != 0:
raise argparse.ArgumentTypeError("Chunk size should be a 4-byte aligned number")
return num
def get_port_list(vids=[], pids=[], names=[]):
if list_ports is None:
raise FatalError(
"Listing all serial ports is currently not available. "
"Please try to specify the port when running esptool.py or update "
"the pyserial package to the latest version"
)
ports = []
for port in list_ports.comports():
if sys.platform == "darwin" and port.device.endswith(
("Bluetooth-Incoming-Port", "wlan-debug")
):
continue
if vids and (port.vid is None or port.vid not in vids):
continue
if pids and (port.pid is None or port.pid not in pids):
continue
if names and (
port.name is None or all(name not in port.name for name in names)
):
continue
ports.append(port.device)
return sorted(ports)
def expand_file_arguments(argv):
"""
Any argument starting with "@" gets replaced with all values read from a text file.
Text file arguments can be split by newline or by space.
Values are added "as-is", as if they were specified in this order
on the command line.
"""
new_args = []
expanded = False
for arg in argv:
if arg.startswith("@"):
expanded = True
with open(arg[1:], "r") as f:
for line in f.readlines():
new_args += shlex.split(line)
else:
new_args.append(arg)
if expanded:
print(f"esptool.py {' '.join(new_args)}")
return new_args
return argv
def connect_loop(
port: str,
initial_baud: int,
chip: str,
max_retries: int,
trace: bool = False,
before: str = "default_reset",
):
chip_class = CHIP_DEFS[chip]
esp = None
print(f"Serial port {port}")
first = True
ten_cycle = cycle(chain(repeat(False, 9), (True,)))
retry_loop = chain(
repeat(False, max_retries - 1), (True,) if max_retries else cycle((False,))
)
for last, every_tenth in zip(retry_loop, ten_cycle):
try:
esp = chip_class(port, initial_baud, trace)
if not first:
# break the retrying line
print("")
esp.connect(before)
return esp
except (
FatalError,
serial.serialutil.SerialException,
IOError,
OSError,
) as err:
if esp and esp._port:
esp._port.close()
esp = None
if first:
print(err)
print("Retrying failed connection", end="", flush=True)
first = False
if last:
raise err
if every_tenth:
# print a dot every second
print(".", end="", flush=True)
time.sleep(0.1)
def get_default_connected_device(
serial_list,
port,
connect_attempts,
initial_baud,
chip="auto",
trace=False,
before="default_reset",
):
_esp = None
for each_port in reversed(serial_list):
print("Serial port %s" % each_port)
try:
if chip == "auto":
_esp = detect_chip(
each_port, initial_baud, before, trace, connect_attempts
)
else:
chip_class = CHIP_DEFS[chip]
_esp = chip_class(each_port, initial_baud, trace)
_esp.connect(before, connect_attempts)
break
except (FatalError, OSError) as err:
if port is not None:
raise
print("%s failed to connect: %s" % (each_port, err))
if _esp and _esp._port:
_esp._port.close()
_esp = None
return _esp
class SpiConnectionAction(argparse.Action):
"""
Custom action to parse 'spi connection' override.
Values are SPI, HSPI, or a sequence of 5 pin numbers separated by commas.
"""
def __call__(self, parser, namespace, value, option_string=None):
if value.upper() in ["SPI", "HSPI"]:
values = value.upper()
elif "," in value:
values = value.split(",")
if len(values) != 5:
raise argparse.ArgumentError(
self,
f"{value} is not a valid list of comma-separate pin numbers. "
"Must be 5 numbers - CLK,Q,D,HD,CS.",
)
try:
values = tuple(int(v, 0) for v in values)
except ValueError:
raise argparse.ArgumentError(
self,
f"{values} is not a valid argument. "
"All pins must be numeric values",
)
else:
raise argparse.ArgumentError(
self,
f"{value} is not a valid spi-connection value. "
"Values are SPI, HSPI, or a sequence of 5 pin numbers - CLK,Q,D,HD,CS.",
)
setattr(namespace, self.dest, values)
class AutoHex2BinAction(argparse.Action):
"""Custom parser class for auto conversion of input files from hex to bin"""
def __call__(self, parser, namespace, value, option_string=None):
try:
with open(value, "rb") as f:
# if hex file was detected replace hex file with converted temp bin
# otherwise keep the original file
value = intel_hex_to_bin(f).name
except IOError as e:
raise argparse.ArgumentError(self, e)
setattr(namespace, self.dest, value)
class AddrFilenamePairAction(argparse.Action):
"""Custom parser class for the address/filename pairs passed as arguments"""
def __init__(self, option_strings, dest, nargs="+", **kwargs):
super(AddrFilenamePairAction, self).__init__(
option_strings, dest, nargs, **kwargs
)
def __call__(self, parser, namespace, values, option_string=None):
# validate pair arguments
pairs = []
for i in range(0, len(values), 2):
try:
address = int(values[i], 0)
except ValueError:
raise argparse.ArgumentError(
self, 'Address "%s" must be a number' % values[i]
)
try:
argfile = open(values[i + 1], "rb")
except IOError as e:
raise argparse.ArgumentError(self, e)
except IndexError:
raise argparse.ArgumentError(
self,
"Must be pairs of an address "
"and the binary filename to write there",
)
# check for intel hex files and convert them to bin
argfile = intel_hex_to_bin(argfile, address)
pairs.append((address, argfile))
# Sort the addresses and check for overlapping
end = 0
for address, argfile in sorted(pairs, key=lambda x: x[0]):
argfile.seek(0, 2) # seek to end
size = argfile.tell()
argfile.seek(0)
sector_start = address & ~(ESPLoader.FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE - 1)
sector_end = (
(address + size + ESPLoader.FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE - 1)
& ~(ESPLoader.FLASH_SECTOR_SIZE - 1)
) - 1
if sector_start < end:
message = "Detected overlap at address: 0x%x for file: %s" % (
address,
argfile.name,
)
raise argparse.ArgumentError(self, message)
end = sector_end
setattr(namespace, self.dest, pairs)
def _main():
try:
main()
except FatalError as e:
print(f"\nA fatal error occurred: {e}")
sys.exit(2)
except serial.serialutil.SerialException as e:
print(f"\nA serial exception error occurred: {e}")
print(
"Note: This error originates from pySerial. "
"It is likely not a problem with esptool, "
"but with the hardware connection or drivers."
)
print(
"For troubleshooting steps visit: "
"https://docs.espressif.com/projects/esptool/en/latest/troubleshooting.html"
)
sys.exit(1)
except StopIteration:
print(traceback.format_exc())
print("A fatal error occurred: The chip stopped responding.")
sys.exit(2)
if __name__ == "__main__":
_main()