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1 README for newlib-4.2.0 release
2 (mostly cribbed from the README in the gdb-4.13 release)
4 This is `newlib', a simple ANSI C library, math library, and collection
7 Prior to the 3.0.0 release, newlib supported both ANSI and K&R-style
10 The newlib and libgloss subdirectories are a collection of software from
17 WARRANTIES OF MERCHANTABILITY AND FITNESS FOR A PARTICULAR PURPOSE.
20 Unpacking and Installation -- quick overview
23 When you unpack the newlib-4.2.0.tar.gz file, you'll find a directory
24 called `newlib-4.2.0', which contains many files. Interesting ones:
25 COPYING* - License files for the sources
26 README - A common overview of all GNU development projects
27 configure - The build script for configuring the source tree
28 Makefile* - Inputs used by configure to generate the Makefile
29 libgloss/ - The libgloss project
30 newlib/ - The newlib project
49 All the documentation for NEWLIB comes as part of the machine-readable
51 a documentation system that uses a single source file to produce both
52 on-line information and a printed manual. You can use one of the Info
53 formatting commands to create the on-line version of the documentation
57 Info formatting programs, such as `texinfo-format-buffer' or `makeinfo'.
60 a program to print its DVI output files, and `texinfo.tex', the Texinfo
63 TeX is a typesetting program; it does not print files directly, but
64 produces output files called DVI files. To print a typeset document,
65 you need a program to print DVI files. If your system has TeX
66 installed, chances are it has such a program. The precise command to
67 use depends on your system; `lpr -d' is common; another (for PostScript
68 devices) is `dvips'. The DVI print command may require a file name
69 without any extension or a `.dvi' extension.
71 TeX also requires a macro definitions file called `texinfo.tex'.
72 This file tells TeX how to typeset a document written in Texinfo
73 format. On its own, TeX cannot read, much less typeset a Texinfo file.
75 `newlib-VERSION-NUMBER/texinfo' directory.
81 To compile NEWLIB, you must build it in a directory separate from
83 or target machines, you need a different `newlib' compiled for each combination
85 you to generate each configuration in a separate subdirectory.
90 To build `newlib' in a specific directory, run `configure' with the
91 `--srcdir' option to specify where to find the source. (You also need
92 to specify a path to find `configure' itself from your working
94 argument to `--srcdir', you can leave out the `--srcdir' option; it
97 For example, with version 4.2.0, you can build NEWLIB in a separate
98 directory for a Sun 4 cross m68k-aout environment like this:
100 cd newlib-4.2.0
101 mkdir ../newlib-m68k-aout
102 cd ../newlib-m68k-aout
103 ../newlib-4.2.0/configure --host=sun4 --target=m68k-aout
106 When `configure' builds a configuration using a remote source
107 directory, it creates a tree for the binaries with the same structure
109 the example, you'd find the Sun 4 library `libiberty.a' in the
110 directory `newlib-m68k-aout/libiberty', and NEWLIB itself in
111 `newlib-m68k-aout/newlib'.
113 When you run `make' to build a program or library, you must run it
114 in a configured directory--whatever directory you were in when you
118 also runs recursively. If you type `make' in a source directory such
119 as `newlib-4.2.0' (or in a separate configured directory configured with
120 `--srcdir=PATH/newlib-4.2.0'), you will build all the required libraries.
124 they are NFS-mounted on each of the hosts); they will not interfere
128 To disable, run `make V=1'; or use the `--disable-silent-rules’ option
135 script are based on a three-part naming scheme, but some short
139 ARCHITECTURE-VENDOR-OS
141 For example, you can use the alias `sun4' as a HOST argument or in a
142 `--target=TARGET' option. The equivalent full name is
143 `sparc-sun-sunos4'.
149 you can use it to test your guesses on abbreviations--for example:
152 sparc-sun-sunos4.1.1
154 m68k-sun-sunos4.1.1
156 mips-dec-ultrix4.2
158 m68k-hp-bsd
160 i386-pc-sysv
173 Since newlib is a library, the target concept does not apply to it, and the
174 build, host, and target options given to the top-level configure script must
184 In summary: the --target=TARGET switch to the top-level configure
190 Here is a summary of the `configure' options and arguments that are
194 configure [--help]
195 [--prefix=DIR]
196 [--srcdir=PATH]
197 [--target=TARGET] HOST
199 You may introduce options with a single `-' rather than `--' if you
200 prefer; but you may abbreviate option names if you use `--'.
202 `--help'
203 Display a quick summary of how to invoke `configure'.
205 `--prefix=DIR'
209 `--exec-prefix=DIR'
210 Configure the source to install host-dependent files in directory
213 `--srcdir=PATH'
225 `--norecursion'
229 `--target=TARGET'
232 There is no convenient way to generate a list of all available
236 Configure NEWLIB to be built using a cross compiler running on
239 There is no convenient way to generate a list of all available
242 To fit diverse usage models, NEWLIB supports a group of configuration
246 One feature can be enabled by specifying `--enable-FEATURE=yes' or
247 `--enable-FEATURE'. Or it can be disable by `--enable-FEATURE=no' or
248 `--disable-FEATURE'.
250 `--enable-newlib-io-pos-args'
251 Enable printf-family positional arg support.
254 `--enable-newlib-io-c99-formats'
258 `--enable-newlib-register-fini'
262 `--enable-newlib-io-long-long'
266 `--enable-newlib-io-long-double'
270 `--enable-newlib-mb'
274 `--enable-newlib-iconv-encodings'
275 Enable specific comma-separated list of bidirectional iconv
276 encodings to be built-in.
279 `--enable-newlib-iconv-from-encodings'
280 Enable specific comma-separated list of \"from\" iconv encodings
281 to be built-in.
284 `--enable-newlib-iconv-to-encodings'
285 Enable specific comma-separated list of \"to\" iconv encodings
286 to be built-in.
289 `--enable-newlib-iconv-external-ccs'
293 `--disable-newlib-atexit-dynamic-alloc'
297 `--enable-newlib-reent-small'
301 `--enable-newlib-reent-binary-compat'
307 `--enable-newlib-reent-thread-local'
308 Enable thread-local storage objects as a replacement for struct _reent
310 thread-local storage objects are provided for each member of the default
315 `--disable-newlib-fvwrite-in-streamio'
324 `--disable-newlib-fseek-optimization'
329 `--disable-newlib-wide-orient'
336 `--enable-newlib-nano-malloc'
338 `mallocr.c' and the other one in `nano-mallocr.c'. This options
339 enables the nano-malloc implementation, which is for small systems
341 support `--enable-malloc-debugging' any more.
344 `--disable-newlib-unbuf-stream-opt'
346 file'. It creates a temorary buffer to do the optimization that
351 `--enable-newlib-long-time_t'
352 Define time_t to long. On platforms with a 32-bit long type, this gives
353 raise to the year 2038 problem. The default type for time_t is a signed
354 64-bit integer on most systems.
357 `--enable-newlib-use-gdtoa'
367 `--enable-multilib'
371 `--enable-target-optspace'
375 `--enable-malloc-debugging'
379 `--enable-newlib-multithread'
383 `--enable-newlib-iconv'
387 `--enable-newlib-elix-level'
388 Supply desired elix library level (1-4). Please refer to HOWTO for
392 `--disable-newlib-io-float'
396 `--disable-newlib-supplied-syscalls'
400 `--enable-lite-exit'
401 Enable lite exit, a size-reduced implementation of exit that doesn't
402 invoke clean-up functions such as _fini or global destructors.
405 `--enable-newlib-nano-formatted-io'
406 This builds NEWLIB with a special implementation of formatted I/O
408 with size constraint issues. This option does not affect wide-char
410 1) The non-wide-char formatted I/O functions only support the C89
415 2) Floating-point support is split out of the formatted I/O code into
417 floating-point I/O support must explicitly request linking of one or
418 both of the floating-point functions: _printf_float or _scanf_float.
419 This can be done at link time using the -u option which can be passed
420 to either gcc or ld. The -u option forces the link to resolve those
421 function references. Floating-point format specifiers are recognized
422 by default, but if the floating-point functions are not explicitly
424 need floating-point I/O support.
425 3) Integer-only versions of the formatted I/O functions (the iprintf/
426 iscanf family) simply alias their regular counter-parts.
451 4) As mentioned, the option does not affect wide-char formatted I/O.
452 The following configuration options are ignored for non-wide-char
455 enable-newlib-io-pos-args
456 enable-newlib-io-c99-formats
457 enable-newlib-io-long-long
458 enable-newlib-io-long-double
459 enable-newlib-mb
461 Additionally, "enable/disable-newlib-io-float" is supported in
462 this specific implementation, one can use "disable-newlib-io-float"
463 to further reduce code size. In this case, the floating-point
464 specifiers will not be recognized or handled, and the -u option
467 5) As a rule, no features from outside of C89 standard will be
475 To run newlib's testsuite, you'll need a site.exp in your home
479 Before running make check-target-newlib, set the DEJAGNU environment
482 Here is a sample site.exp:
495 { "mips-*elf*" } {
496 set target_list "mips-sim"
504 mips-sim refers to an exp file in the baseboards directory. You'll
507 Now type make check-target-newlib in the top-level build directory to
520 This will run a number of autotool programs for you. To see the individual
521 steps, add the -v option.
523 autoreconf -v
533 address. Please include the NEWLIB version number (e.g., newlib-4.2.0),
534 and how you configured it (e.g., "sun4 host and m68k-aout target").
538 Archives of the newlib mailing list are on-line, see