1Hyper-V network driver 2====================== 3 4Compatibility 5============= 6 7This driver is compatible with Windows Server 2012 R2, 2016 and 8Windows 10. 9 10Features 11======== 12 13 Checksum offload 14 ---------------- 15 The netvsc driver supports checksum offload as long as the 16 Hyper-V host version does. Windows Server 2016 and Azure 17 support checksum offload for TCP and UDP for both IPv4 and 18 IPv6. Windows Server 2012 only supports checksum offload for TCP. 19 20 Receive Side Scaling 21 -------------------- 22 Hyper-V supports receive side scaling. For TCP & UDP, packets can 23 be distributed among available queues based on IP address and port 24 number. 25 26 For TCP & UDP, we can switch hash level between L3 and L4 by ethtool 27 command. TCP/UDP over IPv4 and v6 can be set differently. The default 28 hash level is L4. We currently only allow switching TX hash level 29 from within the guests. 30 31 On Azure, fragmented UDP packets have high loss rate with L4 32 hashing. Using L3 hashing is recommended in this case. 33 34 For example, for UDP over IPv4 on eth0: 35 To include UDP port numbers in hashing: 36 ethtool -N eth0 rx-flow-hash udp4 sdfn 37 To exclude UDP port numbers in hashing: 38 ethtool -N eth0 rx-flow-hash udp4 sd 39 To show UDP hash level: 40 ethtool -n eth0 rx-flow-hash udp4 41 42 Generic Receive Offload, aka GRO 43 -------------------------------- 44 The driver supports GRO and it is enabled by default. GRO coalesces 45 like packets and significantly reduces CPU usage under heavy Rx 46 load. 47 48 Large Receive Offload (LRO), or Receive Side Coalescing (RSC) 49 ------------------------------------------------------------- 50 The driver supports LRO/RSC in the vSwitch feature. It reduces the per packet 51 processing overhead by coalescing multiple TCP segments when possible. The 52 feature is enabled by default on VMs running on Windows Server 2019 and 53 later. It may be changed by ethtool command: 54 ethtool -K eth0 lro on 55 ethtool -K eth0 lro off 56 57 SR-IOV support 58 -------------- 59 Hyper-V supports SR-IOV as a hardware acceleration option. If SR-IOV 60 is enabled in both the vSwitch and the guest configuration, then the 61 Virtual Function (VF) device is passed to the guest as a PCI 62 device. In this case, both a synthetic (netvsc) and VF device are 63 visible in the guest OS and both NIC's have the same MAC address. 64 65 The VF is enslaved by netvsc device. The netvsc driver will transparently 66 switch the data path to the VF when it is available and up. 67 Network state (addresses, firewall, etc) should be applied only to the 68 netvsc device; the slave device should not be accessed directly in 69 most cases. The exceptions are if some special queue discipline or 70 flow direction is desired, these should be applied directly to the 71 VF slave device. 72 73 Receive Buffer 74 -------------- 75 Packets are received into a receive area which is created when device 76 is probed. The receive area is broken into MTU sized chunks and each may 77 contain one or more packets. The number of receive sections may be changed 78 via ethtool Rx ring parameters. 79 80 There is a similar send buffer which is used to aggregate packets for sending. 81 The send area is broken into chunks of 6144 bytes, each of section may 82 contain one or more packets. The send buffer is an optimization, the driver 83 will use slower method to handle very large packets or if the send buffer 84 area is exhausted. 85