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/Linux-v6.6/tools/perf/pmu-events/arch/x86/goldmont/
Dcache.json6 …on which likely indicates back pressure from L2Q. It also counts requests that would have gone dir…
21 …"PublicDescription": "Counts cycles that fetch is stalled due to an outstanding ICache miss. That
29 …"PublicDescription": "Counts the number of demand and prefetch transactions that the L2 XQ rejects…
36 …"PublicDescription": "Counts memory requests originating from the core that miss in the L2 cache.",
44 …"PublicDescription": "Counts memory requests originating from the core that reference a cache line…
49 "BriefDescription": "Loads retired that came from DRAM (Precise event capable)",
64that when the load address was checked by other caching agents (typically another processor) in th…
69 "BriefDescription": "Load uops retired that hit L1 data cache (Precise event capable)",
74 "PublicDescription": "Counts load uops retired that hit the L1 data cache.",
79 "BriefDescription": "Load uops retired that missed L1 data cache (Precise event capable)",
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/Linux-v6.6/include/media/
Dv4l2-ioctl.h25 * @vidioc_querycap: pointer to the function that implements
27 * @vidioc_enum_fmt_vid_cap: pointer to the function that implements
30 * @vidioc_enum_fmt_vid_overlay: pointer to the function that implements
33 * @vidioc_enum_fmt_vid_out: pointer to the function that implements
36 * @vidioc_enum_fmt_sdr_cap: pointer to the function that implements
39 * @vidioc_enum_fmt_sdr_out: pointer to the function that implements
42 * @vidioc_enum_fmt_meta_cap: pointer to the function that implements
45 * @vidioc_enum_fmt_meta_out: pointer to the function that implements
48 * @vidioc_g_fmt_vid_cap: pointer to the function that implements
51 * @vidioc_g_fmt_vid_overlay: pointer to the function that implements
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/Linux-v6.6/tools/perf/pmu-events/arch/arm64/fujitsu/a64fx/
Dother.json9 …"PublicDescription": "This event counts every cycle that no operation was committed because the ol…
12 …"BriefDescription": "This event counts every cycle that no operation was committed because the old…
15 …"PublicDescription": "This event counts every cycle that no instruction was committed because the …
18 …"BriefDescription": "This event counts every cycle that no instruction was committed because the o…
21 …"PublicDescription": "This event counts every cycle that no instruction was committed because the …
24 …"BriefDescription": "This event counts every cycle that no instruction was committed because the o…
27 …"PublicDescription": "This event counts every cycle that no instruction was committed because the …
30 …"BriefDescription": "This event counts every cycle that no instruction was committed because the o…
33 …"PublicDescription": "This event counts every cycle that no instruction was committed because the …
36 …"BriefDescription": "This event counts every cycle that no instruction was committed because the o…
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/Linux-v6.6/Documentation/process/
Dmanagement-style.rst14 to do with reality. It started as a lark, but that doesn't mean that it
27 making it painfully obvious to the questioner that we don't have a clue
37 Everybody thinks managers make decisions, and that decision-making is
39 manager must be to make it. That's very deep and obvious, but it's not
47 competent to make that decision for them.
51 Namely that you are in the wrong job, and that **they** should be managing
60 It helps to realize that the key difference between a big decision and a
62 can be made small by just always making sure that if you were wrong (and
67 And people will even see that as true leadership (*cough* bullshit
71 things that can't be undone. Don't get ushered into a corner from which
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D6.Followthrough.rst8 patches. One of the biggest mistakes that even experienced kernel
9 developers can make is to conclude that their work is now done. In truth,
13 It is a rare patch which is so good at its first posting that there is no
16 code. You, as the author of that code, will be expected to work with the
17 kernel community to ensure that your code is up to the kernel's quality
32 value and why you went to the trouble of writing it. But that value
36 to substantial rewrites - come from the understanding that Linux will
49 be working on the kernel years from now, but they understand that their
57 the same. Sometimes this means that the clever hack in your driver
61 What all of this comes down to is that, when reviewers send you comments,
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/Linux-v6.6/tools/memory-model/Documentation/
Dglossary.txt9 dependency" extends from that load extending to the later access.
20 address dependency extends from that rcu_dereference() to that
27 Acquire: With respect to a lock, acquiring that lock, for example,
29 a special operation that includes a load and which orders that
30 load before later memory references running on that same CPU.
36 to that same variable, (in other words, the acquire load "reads
37 from" the release store), then all operations preceding that
38 store "happen before" any operations following that load acquire.
56 a "control dependency" extends from that load to that store.
71 that is required. In other cases, the notion of pairing must be
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/Linux-v6.6/Documentation/filesystems/
Dxfs-delayed-logging-design.rst10 This document describes the design and algorithms that the XFS journalling
11 subsystem is based on. This document describes the design and algorithms that
12 the XFS journalling subsystem is based on so that readers may familiarize
36 chained together by intents, ensuring that journal recovery can restart and
37 finish an operation that was only partially done when the system stopped
47 particularly important in the scope of this document. It suffices to know that
50 performed. The logging subsystem only cares that certain specific rules are
59 transactions. Permanent transaction reservations can take reservations that span
64 place. This means that permanent transactions can be used for one-shot
79 space that was taken at the transaction allocation time.
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Dpath-lookup.rst22 exploration is needed to discover, is that it is complex. There are
23 many rules, special cases, and implementation alternatives that all
26 tool that we will make extensive use of is "divide and conquer". For
41 of elements: "slashes" that are sequences of one or more "``/``"
42 characters, and "components" that are sequences of one or more
43 non-"``/``" characters. These form two kinds of paths. Those that
52 component, but that isn't always accurate: a pathname can lack both
62 it must identify a directory that already exists, otherwise an error
68 pathname that is just slashes have a final component. If it does
75 tempting to consider that to have an empty final component. In many
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/Linux-v6.6/tools/perf/pmu-events/arch/x86/knightslanding/
Dmemory.json10 …"BriefDescription": "Counts Demand code reads and prefetch code read requests that accounts for r…
19 …"BriefDescription": "Counts Demand code reads and prefetch code read requests that accounts for d…
28 …"BriefDescription": "Counts Demand code reads and prefetch code read requests that accounts for d…
37 …"BriefDescription": "Counts Demand code reads and prefetch code read requests that accounts for r…
46 …"BriefDescription": "Counts Demand code reads and prefetch code read requests that accounts for d…
55 …"BriefDescription": "Counts Demand code reads and prefetch code read requests that accounts for d…
64 …"BriefDescription": "Counts Demand cacheable data and L1 prefetch data read requests that account…
73 …"BriefDescription": "Counts Demand cacheable data and L1 prefetch data read requests that account…
82 …"BriefDescription": "Counts Demand cacheable data and L1 prefetch data read requests that account…
91 …"BriefDescription": "Counts Demand cacheable data and L1 prefetch data read requests that account…
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Dcache.json3 …"BriefDescription": "Counts the number of MEC requests that were not accepted into the L2Q because…
31that reference a cache line (cacheable requests) excluding SW prefetches filling only to L2 cache …
53 …"BriefDescription": "Counts the loads retired that get the data from the other core in the same ti…
62 "BriefDescription": "Counts the number of load micro-ops retired that miss in L1 D cache",
65 …: "This event counts the number of load micro-ops retired that miss in L1 Data cache. Note that pr…
70 "BriefDescription": "Counts the number of load micro-ops retired that hit in the L2",
79 "BriefDescription": "Counts the number of load micro-ops retired that miss in the L2",
88 … "BriefDescription": "Counts the number of load micro-ops retired that caused micro TLB miss",
102 …"BriefDescription": "Counts Demand code reads and prefetch code read requests that accounts for a…
111 …"BriefDescription": "Counts Demand code reads and prefetch code read requests that accounts for r…
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/Linux-v6.6/tools/perf/pmu-events/arch/x86/haswell/
Dvirtual-memory.json3 "BriefDescription": "Load misses in all DTLB levels that cause page walks",
6 "PublicDescription": "Misses in all TLB levels that cause a page walk of any page size.",
19 …"BriefDescription": "Load operations that miss the first DTLB level but hit the second and do not …
27 "BriefDescription": "Load misses that miss the DTLB and hit the STLB (2M)",
30 …"PublicDescription": "This event counts load operations from a 2M page that miss the first DTLB le…
35 "BriefDescription": "Load misses that miss the DTLB and hit the STLB (4K)",
38 …"PublicDescription": "This event counts load operations from a 4K page that miss the first DTLB le…
43 … Miss in all translation lookaside buffer (TLB) levels causes a page walk that completes of any pa…
51 "BriefDescription": "Load miss in all TLB levels causes a page walk that completes. (1G)",
58 … Miss in all translation lookaside buffer (TLB) levels causes a page walk that completes (2M/4M).",
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/Linux-v6.6/tools/perf/pmu-events/arch/x86/haswellx/
Dvirtual-memory.json3 "BriefDescription": "Load misses in all DTLB levels that cause page walks",
6 "PublicDescription": "Misses in all TLB levels that cause a page walk of any page size.",
19 …"BriefDescription": "Load operations that miss the first DTLB level but hit the second and do not …
27 "BriefDescription": "Load misses that miss the DTLB and hit the STLB (2M)",
30 …"PublicDescription": "This event counts load operations from a 2M page that miss the first DTLB le…
35 "BriefDescription": "Load misses that miss the DTLB and hit the STLB (4K)",
38 …"PublicDescription": "This event counts load operations from a 4K page that miss the first DTLB le…
43 … Miss in all translation lookaside buffer (TLB) levels causes a page walk that completes of any pa…
51 "BriefDescription": "Load miss in all TLB levels causes a page walk that completes. (1G)",
58 … Miss in all translation lookaside buffer (TLB) levels causes a page walk that completes (2M/4M).",
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/Linux-v6.6/tools/perf/pmu-events/arch/x86/silvermont/
Dcache.json3 …"BriefDescription": "Counts the number of request that were not accepted into the L2Q because the …
6that would have gone directly to the XQ, but are rejected due to a full or nearly full condition, …
13that fetch is stalled due to an outstanding ICache miss. That is, the decoder queue is able to acc…
18 … "BriefDescription": "Counts the number of request from the L2 that were not accepted into the XQ",
21 …"PublicDescription": "This event counts the number of demand and prefetch transactions that the L2…
36 …"PublicDescription": "This event counts requests originating from the core that references a cache…
61 …"PublicDescription": "This event counts the number of load ops retired that got data from the othe…
69 …ption": "This event counts the number of load ops retired that miss in L1 Data cache. Note that pr…
78 "PublicDescription": "This event counts the number of load ops retired that hit in the L2.",
87 … "PublicDescription": "This event counts the number of load ops retired that miss in the L2.",
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/Linux-v6.6/LICENSES/preferred/
DLGPL-2.145 price. Our General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have
47 service if you wish); that you receive source code or can get it if you
48 want it; that you can change the software and use pieces of it in new free
49 programs; and that you are informed that you can do these things.
51 To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid
57 a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that we gave you. You
58 must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. If you
60 the recipients, so that they can relink them with the library after making
68 To protect each distributor, we want to make it very clear that there is no
70 else and passed on, the recipients should know that what they have is not
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DLGPL-2.039 General Public Licenses are designed to make sure that you have the freedom
41 wish), that you receive source code or can get it if you want it, that you
42 can change the software or use pieces of it in new free programs; and that
45 To protect your rights, we need to make restrictions that forbid anyone to
51 a fee, you must give the recipients all the rights that we gave you. You
52 must make sure that they, too, receive or can get the source code. If you
54 the recipients so that they can relink them with the library, after making
62 Also, for each distributor's protection, we want to make certain that
63 everyone understands that there is no warranty for this free library. If
65 recipients to know that what they have is not the original version, so that
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/Linux-v6.6/include/kunit/
Dtest.h99 * that makes expectations and assertions (see KUNIT_EXPECT_TRUE() and
197 * is used to lazily generate a series of arbitrarily typed values that fit into
233 * A kunit_suite is a collection of related &struct kunit_case s, such that
238 * Note that @exit and @suite_exit will run even if @init or @suite_init
298 * Because resources is a list that may be updated multiple times (with
383 * This functions identically as kunit_test_suites() except that it suppresses
391 * The only thing this macro does that's different from kunit_test_suites is
392 * that it suffixes the array and suite declarations it makes with _probe;
419 * Note that some internal context data is also allocated with GFP_KERNEL,
432 * Note that some internal context data is also allocated with GFP_KERNEL,
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/Linux-v6.6/Documentation/networking/devlink/
Ddevlink-trap.rst21 kernel so that it will route it as well and generate an ICMP Time Exceeded
39 as it allows users to obtain further visibility into packet drops that would
123 Generic packet traps are used to describe traps that trap well-defined packets
124 or packets that are trapped due to well-defined conditions (e.g., TTL error).
136 - Traps incoming packets that the device decided to drop because of a
140 - Traps incoming packets that the device decided to drop in case of VLAN
145 - Traps incoming packets that the device decided to drop in case they are
146 tagged with a VLAN that is not configured on the ingress bridge port
149 - Traps incoming packets that the device decided to drop in case the STP
153 - Traps packets that the device decided to drop in case they need to be
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/Linux-v6.6/Documentation/admin-guide/
Dreporting-issues.rst15 you don't find any, install `the latest release from that series
31 If it shows the problem, search for the change that fixed it in mainline and
47 Once the report is out, answer any questions that come up and help where you
48 can. That includes keeping the ball rolling by occasionally retesting with newer
55 developers. It might be all that's needed for people already familiar with
63 a slightly different order. That's in your interest, to make sure you notice
64 early if an issue that looks like a Linux kernel problem is actually caused by
80 issue, or a really severe problem: those are 'issues of high priority' that
81 need special handling in some steps that are about to follow.
83 * Make sure it's not the kernel's surroundings that are causing the issue
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/Linux-v6.6/tools/perf/pmu-events/arch/x86/sandybridge/
Dcache.json213 "BriefDescription": "Demand Data Read requests that hit L2 cache.",
220 "BriefDescription": "Requests from the L2 hardware prefetchers that hit L2 cache.",
227 "BriefDescription": "Requests from the L2 hardware prefetchers that miss L2 cache.",
234 "BriefDescription": "RFO requests that hit L2 cache.",
241 "BriefDescription": "RFO requests that miss L2 cache.",
248 "BriefDescription": "RFOs that access cache lines in any state.",
255 "BriefDescription": "RFOs that hit cache lines in E state.",
262 "BriefDescription": "RFOs that hit cache lines in M state.",
269 "BriefDescription": "RFOs that miss cache lines.",
276 "BriefDescription": "L2 or LLC HW prefetches that access L2 cache.",
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/Linux-v6.6/Documentation/power/
Dfreezing-of-tasks.rst17 There are three per-task flags used for that, PF_NOFREEZE, PF_FROZEN
18 and PF_FREEZER_SKIP (the last one is auxiliary). The tasks that have
28 sets this variable. After this, it executes try_to_freeze_tasks() that sends a
30 All freezable tasks must react to that by calling try_to_freeze(), which
33 it loop until PF_FROZEN is cleared for it. Then, we say that the task is
40 try_to_freeze() function (defined in include/linux/freezer.h), that checks
47 that combine interruptible sleep with checking if the task is to be frozen and
69 order to clear the PF_FROZEN flag for each frozen task. Then, the tasks that
101 IV. Why do we do that?
111 filesystem-related information that must be consistent with the state of the
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/Linux-v6.6/Documentation/maintainer/
Drebasing-and-merging.rst12 those tools incorrectly, but avoiding problems is not actually all that
15 One thing to be aware of in general is that, unlike many other projects,
26 within a repository. There are two different types of operations that are
43 history; used improperly, it can obscure that history and introduce bugs.
45 There are a few rules of thumb that can help developers to avoid the worst
48 - History that has been exposed to the world beyond your private system
51 work is in need of rebasing, that is usually a sign that it is not yet
54 That said, there are always exceptions. Some trees (linux-next being
58 testing services. If you do expose a branch that may be unstable in
59 this way, be sure that prospective users know not to base work on it.
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/Linux-v6.6/Documentation/admin-guide/pm/
Dcpuidle.rst33 CPU idle time management operates on CPUs as seen by the *CPU scheduler* (that
35 work in the system). In its view, CPUs are *logical* units. That is, they need
38 entity which appears to be fetching instructions that belong to one sequence
43 program) at a time, it is a CPU. In that case, if the hardware is asked to
44 enter an idle state, that applies to the processor as a whole.
51 time. The entire cores are CPUs in that case and if the hardware is asked to
52 enter an idle state, that applies to the core that asked for it in the first
54 that the core belongs to (in fact, it may apply to an entire hierarchy of larger
57 remaining core asks the processor to enter an idle state, that may trigger it
59 other cores in that unit.
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/Linux-v6.6/Documentation/filesystems/nfs/
Dexporting.rst12 applications that access a filesystem via a remote filesystem protocol
35 tree. This means that if any filesystem object is in the dcache, then
36 all of the ancestors of that filesystem object are also in the dcache.
44 the dcache that are not needed for normal filesystem access.
46 1. The dcache must sometimes contain objects that are not part of the
47 proper prefix. i.e that are not connected to the root.
50 that dentry into place (based on the parent and name in the
52 it is a dcache invariant that directories only have one dentry.
57 any dentry that might not be part of the proper prefix.
62 kept in the dcache. If a dentry that is not already in the dcache
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/Linux-v6.6/Documentation/RCU/
Dchecklist.rst9 that make use of RCU. Violating any of the rules listed below will
10 result in the same sorts of problems that leaving out a locking primitive
17 performance measurements show that RCU is nonetheless the right
36 of lockless algorithms that garbage collectors do.
54 relating to itself that other tasks can read, there by definition
55 can be no bottleneck). Note that the definition of "large" has
73 Please note that you *cannot* rely on code known to be built
86 any locks or atomic operations. This means that readers will
93 RCU-protected data structures that have been added to
99 locks (that are acquired by both readers and writers)
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/Linux-v6.6/tools/perf/pmu-events/arch/x86/ivytown/
Duncore-power.json134that a deep C state was requested, but the delayed C state algorithm rejected the deep sleep state…
142that a deep C state was requested, but the delayed C state algorithm rejected the deep sleep state…
150that a deep C state was requested, but the delayed C state algorithm rejected the deep sleep state…
158that a deep C state was requested, but the delayed C state algorithm rejected the deep sleep state…
166that a deep C state was requested, but the delayed C state algorithm rejected the deep sleep state…
174that a deep C state was requested, but the delayed C state algorithm rejected the deep sleep state…
182that a deep C state was requested, but the delayed C state algorithm rejected the deep sleep state…
190that a deep C state was requested, but the delayed C state algorithm rejected the deep sleep state…
198that a deep C state was requested, but the delayed C state algorithm rejected the deep sleep state…
206that a deep C state was requested, but the delayed C state algorithm rejected the deep sleep state…
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